开花坐果期田间小气候调节对枣树光合特性、
产量及果实品质的影响

马军勇; 周建伟; 郑国玉; 何 帅; 忠智博; 张万恒; 柳智鹏

引用本文:	马军勇,周建伟,郑国玉,等.开花坐果期田间小气候调节对枣树光合特性、产量及果实品质的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2022,41(S2):27-31.
	MA Junyong,ZHOU Jianwei,ZHENG Guoyu,et al.开花坐果期田间小气候调节对枣树光合特性、产量及果实品质的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2022,41(S2):27-31.

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开花坐果期田间小气候调节对枣树光合特性、产量及果实品质的影响
马军勇，周建伟，郑国玉，何帅，忠智博，张万恒，柳智鹏
1.新疆农垦科学院农田水利与土壤肥料研究所，新疆石河子 832000； 2.农业农村部西北绿洲节水农业重点实验室，新疆石河子 832000； 3.河海大学农业科学与工程学院，南京 210098；4.四川省水利厅，成都 610017

摘要:

【目的】探究气候干旱和极端高温不利条件下田间小气候调节的作用。【方法】以新疆大田成龄灰枣树为试验试材，在开花坐果期进行微喷灌处理T1（2 mm/d）、T2（4 mm/d）、T3（6 mm/d）和对照CK（0 mm/d），研究枣树开花坐果期田间小气候调节对其光合特性、产量和品质的影响。【结果】枣树开花坐果期开展田间小气候调节，不仅对枣树的光合特性有显著影响，提高了枣树叶片叶绿素量、净光合速率Pn和气孔导度Gs，降低了胞间CO2摩尔分数Ci和蒸腾速率Tr。而且有利于提高红枣产量和品质。【结论】因此，微喷灌是应对气候干旱和极端高温的有效举措，可有效改善田间作物生长环境。

关键词: 微喷灌；叶绿素；净光合速率；气孔导度；蒸腾速率

DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2022185

分类号:

基金项目:

Effects of Field Microclimate Regulation on Photosynthesis, Yield and Quality of Jujube at Flowering to Fruit-setting Stage

MA Junyong, ZHOU Jianwei, ZHENG Guoyu, HE Shuai, ZHONG Zhibo, ZHANG Wanheng, LIU Zhipeng

1. Xinjiang academy of agricultural and reclamation science, Shihezi 832000, China; 2. Key Laboratory of Northwest Oasis Water-Saving Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shihezi 832000, China; 3. College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; 4. Sichuan Provincial Water Resources Department, Chengdu 610017, China

Abstract:

【Objective】In order to explore the effect of microclimate regulation in the field under the climate drought and extreme high temperature. 【Method】 In this study, three micro-sprinkler irrigation treatments T1 (2 mm/d), T2 (4 mm/d), T3 (6 mm/d) and CK (0 mm/d) were carried out on mature grey jujube at flowering to fruit-setting stage. To study the effects of field microclimate regulation on photosynthesis, yield and quality of Jujube. 【Result】The results indicated that field microclimate regulation had significant effect on the photosynthesis of Jujube at flowering to fruit-setting stage, increasing the chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate Pn and stomatal conductance Gs, and decreased the intercellular CO2 concentration Ci and transpiration rate Tr. Moreover, it is beneficial to improve the yield and quality of jujube. 【Conclusion】Therefore, micro-sprinkler irrigation is an effective measure to cope with climate drought and extreme high temperature, and can effectively improve the crop growth environment in the field.

Key words: micro-sprinkler irrigation; chlorophyll; net photosynthetic rate; transpiration rate; stomatal conductance