| 引用本文: | 汤鹏程,徐 冰,张晓敏,等.内蒙古阴山北麓区典型作物水分亏缺
特征及其关键驱动因子响应[J].灌溉排水学报,2022,41(S2):38-44. |
| TANG Pengcheng,XU Bing,ZHANG Xiaomin,et al.内蒙古阴山北麓区典型作物水分亏缺
特征及其关键驱动因子响应[J].灌溉排水学报,2022,41(S2):38-44. |
|
| 摘要: |
| 以内蒙古阴山北麓地区武川县1990—2019年的逐日气象资料为基础，研究不同水文年雨养马铃薯、春小麦各生育阶段的需水量、水分亏缺特征及其相互关系。马铃薯、春小麦全生育期的需水量平均为338.4、403.6 mm；马铃薯在开花—收获期需水量最大，占全生育期需水量的52.8%；春小麦在分蘖—开花期、开花—成熟期需水量较大，分别占全生育期需水量的52.6%和31.8%。平水年、枯水年雨养马铃薯全生育期的水分亏缺量分别为26~157 mm和148~173 mm，丰水年雨养马铃薯生长阶段不缺水；丰水年、平水年和枯水年雨养春小麦全生育期的水分亏缺量分别为54~90、122~267 mm和240~285 mm。马铃薯在花序形成—开花期和开花—收获期的水分亏缺程度较大，在其他生育期基本可以满足马铃薯需水的要求；春小麦在分蘖—开花期水分亏缺程度最严重，水分亏缺量平均为134 mm左右，其他生育阶段的降水基本可以满足春小麦正常生长的需水要求。为了减少产量损失，需要在春小麦和马铃薯生长阶段中后期根据水分亏缺程度实施雨水就地富集利用和补充灌溉。 |
| 关键词: 阴山北麓；需水量；降水量；缺水量；作物产量 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2022666 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目: |
|
| Water Deficit Characteristics of Typical Crops and Responses to Key Driving Factors in Northern of Yinshan Mountain, Inner Mongolia |
|
TANG Pengcheng, XU Bing, ZHANG Xiaomin, TIAN Delong,
WANG Guoshuai, ZHANG Chen, REN Jie, LI Zekun
|
|
1. Institute of Water Resources for Pastoral Area Ministry of Water Resources, Hohhot 010020, China;
2. Yinshanbeilu Grassland Eco-hydrology National Observation and Research Station,
China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China;
3. College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
|
| Abstract: |
| Based on the daily meteorological data of Wuchuan County in northern of Yinshan Mountain in Inner Mongolia from 1990 to 2019, the water demand, water deficit characteristics and their relationships of rain fed potato and spring wheat in different hydrological years were studied. The results showed that the average water demand of potato and spring wheat in the whole growth period was 338.4 mm and 403.6 mm; The water demand of potato was the largest in the flowering harvest period, accounting for 52.8% of the total water demand in the whole growth period. The water demand of spring wheat in tillering flowering stage and flowering maturity stage is relatively large, accounting for 52.6% and 31.8% of the water demand in the whole growth period respectively. The water deficit during the whole growth period of rain fed potato in normal year and dry year is 26~157 mm and 148~173 mm respectively, and there is no water shortage during the growth period of rain fed potato in wet water year. The water deficit in the whole growth period of rain fed spring wheat in wet year, normal year and dry year is 54~90 mm, 122~267 mm and 240~285 mm respectively. The water deficit of potato in inflorescence formation flowering stage and flowering harvest stage is relatively large, and it can basically meet the water demand of potato in other growth stages.The water deficit of spring wheat is the most serious in the tillering flowering stage, and the average water deficit is about 134 mm. The precipitation in other growth stages can basically meet the water demand for normal growth of spring wheat. In order to reduce the yield loss, it is necessary to implement rain enrichment and supplementary irrigation according to water deficit in the middle and late growth stages of spring wheat and potato. |
| Key words: Northern of Yinshan Mountain; water demand; precipitation; water shortage; crop yield |
