| 引用本文: | 宣可凡,李晓鹏,张佳宝,等.有机物料改良土壤结构及其定量化研究方法综述[J].灌溉排水学报,2023,42(2):95-102. |
| XUAN Kefan,LI Xiaopeng,ZHANG Jiabao,et al.有机物料改良土壤结构及其定量化研究方法综述[J].灌溉排水学报,2023,42(2):95-102. |
|
| 摘要: |
| 【目的】秸秆、有机肥、生物炭等众多有机物料被广泛应用于农业实际生产之中，改良土壤结构是其主要效用之一。在此基础上，定量评价改良效果成为当前国内外的研究热点。【方法】本文针对不同有机物料对土壤结构的改良效应及其定量化评价方法进行了归纳和评述。【结果】在低温干旱地带，有机肥和聚丙烯酰胺对土壤结构的改良效果较好；在气候多变以及高温潮湿地区，秸秆的改良效果更优；生物炭适用于改良粗质土壤结构；木本泥炭适用于改良细质土壤结构；为多尺度、定量化地评价有机改良剂对土壤结构特性的影响，土壤原状结构的无损获取技术以及相对应的数字图像处理方法成了当下和未来的主要研究手段。【结论】在今后的研究中应当根据土壤的理化性质合理选择改良物料，通过多学科交叉对各尺度的土壤物理结构进行优化，对未来研究土壤结构的新方法等作了展望。 |
| 关键词: 土壤结构；土壤改良；有机物料；定量研究 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2021565 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目: |
|
| Improving Soil Structure by Organic Material Amendments: A Review |
|
XUAN Kefan, LI Xiaopeng, ZHANG Jiabao, JIANG Yifei, LIU Jianli
|
|
1. Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China;
2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
|
| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Organic materials including crop straws, organic fertilizers, biochar have been widely used in agriculture as an agent to improve soil structure and fertility, but how, and to what extent, their efficacy varies with soil texture and environmental factors remains elusive. This review aims to fill this knowledge gap.【Method】Our review is based on papers published over the past decades, which reported the effects of different organic material amendments on structure and fertility of soils with various textures in different climatic regions.【Result】In low-temperature and arid regions, application of organic fertilizer and polyacrylamide works better for improving soil structure, while in regions characterized by changeable climate and high temperature and humidity, incorporating straw to soils has the edge to improve physical properties of the soils. Amending coarse-textured soils with biochar improves soil structure more than other amendments, while woody peat works better for fine-textured soils. We also review the latest development in non-destructive imaging technologies inducing x-ray computed tomography and digital image processing which have been increasingly used to quantify soil structural alteration due to natural and management practice changes.【Conclusion】Soils are hierarchically structured and there is no universal rule to select an amending material to improve their structure. Its selection should consider the inherent physical and chemical properties of the soils to be amended and the climate region. |
| Key words: soil structure; soil improvement; organic materials; quantitative study |
