| 引用本文: | 何 坤,魏正英,陈雪丽,等.温度与压力对水肥一体化滴灌灌水器堵塞影响研究[J].灌溉排水学报,2023,42(3):74-81. |
| HE Kun,WEI Zhengying,CHEN Xueli,et al.温度与压力对水肥一体化滴灌灌水器堵塞影响研究[J].灌溉排水学报,2023,42(3):74-81. |
|
| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探究在水肥一体化灌溉过程中，温度对灌水器堵塞的影响。【方法】以市场常用的内镶贴片式齿形流道灌水器为研究对象，采用4个温度梯度（15、20、25、30 ℃），2个工作压力（低压50 kPa、常压100 kPa），进行短周期间歇灌溉堵塞试验，并在试验后用场发射扫描电镜对堵塞物质的结构和组成成分进行分析。【结果】磷酸二铵加速堵塞效果明显，灌溉结束后灌水器平均相对流量下降到15.03%~34.02%；温度从15 ℃升高到30 ℃，平均相对流量的下降速率减小，灌水结束后低压下平均相对流量提高18.55%，常压下平均相对流量提高14.88%。温度并不影响堵塞物质的主要组成成分，其主要为磷酸盐沉淀，但温度提高，絮凝现象减弱，堵塞物质表面的复杂程度减小。灌水器中堵塞位置主要集中在过渡区、流道首部和流道尾部，占比分别为29.75%、22.31%、22.31%，改变温度并不影响其堵塞位置的分布。【结论】提高肥液温度可在一定程度上缓解灌水器的堵塞。 |
| 关键词: 温度；施肥；灌溉；灌水器；堵塞 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2022169 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目: |
|
| The Combined Effect of Temperature and Pressure on Emitter Clogging in Integrated Drip Fertigation System |
|
HE Kun, WEI Zhengying, CHEN Xueli, JIA Weibing, WEI Caixiang
|
|
1. School of Mechanical Engineering, State Key Lab for Manufacturing System Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University,
Xi’an 710049, China; 2. Shaanxi Pengyun Machinery Automation Technology Co. LTD, Xi’an 710038, China
|
| Abstract: |
| 【Background and objective】Water-fertilizer integrated drip irrigation has advantages over traditional methods, including even fertilization, saving water and fertilizer, and precise control. However, emitter clogging is a problem limiting its widespread use. While emitter clogging is affected by various factors, the role of irrigation water temperature is poorly understood. This paper is to investigate the combined impact of temperature and working pressure on emitter blockage in a water-fertilizer integrated irrigation system.【Method】We used the plain channel emitter; the short-cycle intermittent irrigation clogging tests were conducted under temperature ranging from 15 to 30 ℃, and working pressures at 50 kPa (low) an 100 kPa (normal). Ammonium phosphates were used as the fertilizer and tap water as the irrigation water. Average water flow in the emitter was monitored; at the end of the experiment, the geometrical structure and composition of the clogging materials were analyzed using SEM; the blocking position in the emitter was also measured.【Result】Ammonium phosphate had a significant effect on clogging; irrigation reduced the average relative flow in the emitter by 15.03%~34.02%. Temperature rise increased the average relative flow, and the increase under the low pressure was greater than under the normal pressure. Irrigation increased the average relative flow by 18.55% under low pressure and 14.88% under normal pressure. The temperature did not affect the main components of the clogging material. The mechanisms underlying the blockage involve physical blockage by flocculation and replacement of ions in formation of the flocculation. However, increasing temperature weakened the flocculation and reduced surficial complexity of the blockage materials. In the emitter, the blockage was mainly located at the transition zone, the channel head, and the tail of the channel, which accounted for 29.75%, 22.31%, and 22.31% of the blockage, respectively. Changing temperature did not affect the blockage location. Therefore, it is recommended to optimize the structure of the transition zone, the channel head, and the tail of the channel to alleviate the blockage.【Conclusion】Increasing temperature can reduce flocculation thereby alleviating emitter blockage to some extent, regardless of working pressure. |
| Key words: temperature; fertilization; irrigation; emitter; blockage |
