| 引用本文: | 李玮,尹广生,李琪瑞,等.不同改良措施对黄河南岸灌区盐碱土壤 理化性质及团聚体特征的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
| liwei,Yin Guangsheng,Li Qirui,et al.不同改良措施对黄河南岸灌区盐碱土壤 理化性质及团聚体特征的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
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| 不同改良措施对黄河南岸灌区盐碱土壤 理化性质及团聚体特征的影响 |
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李玮, 尹广生, 李琪瑞, 王洋, 商建英, 王祥
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中国农业大学
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】黄河南岸灌区盐碱土壤盐分高、养分低、结构差等问题严重制约了该地区的农业和经济发展，因此探究低成本高效益的土壤改良产品对促进当地经济发展和农业增收至关重要。【方法】以黄河南岸灌区不同盐碱化土壤（中度和重度盐碱土）为研究对象，设置了对照（CK）、3%玉米秸秆（T1）、3%牛粪（T2）、3%脱硫石膏（T3）、2%玉米秸秆配施1%牛粪（T4）以及2%玉米秸秆配施1%脱硫石膏（T5）六种处理，通过室内培养试验，探究不同改良措施对黄灌区不同盐碱程度土壤的理化性状和团聚体特征的影响。【结果】（1）不同改良措施均能有效改善土壤理化性质。对于中度盐碱土，T5处理显著降低土壤pH值，与CK相比降低11.3%；对于重度盐碱土，T4处理在降低土壤pH和可溶性盐含量方面效果最显著，较CK分别降低4.0%和11.7%。（2）五种改良措施均能有效改善土壤团聚结构，增加团聚体平均质量直径（MWD）、几何平均直径（GMD）和大于0.25 mm团聚体含量（WR0.25），降低分形维数（D）。中度盐碱土中，MWD和GMD呈以下规律：T1>T5>T2>T4>T3；五种改良措施显著增加大团聚体数量，WR0.25分别增加199.9%、116.3%、23.8%、125.3%、204.7%。重度盐碱土中，T2和T4的 WR0.25增加最显著，分别为81.1%和68.0%。（3）根据主成分分析对比改良效果如下：中度盐碱土中，T5 > T1 > T2 > T4 > T3 > CK；重度盐碱土中为，T2 > T4 > T1 > T5 > T3 > CK。【结论】综上，对于中度盐碱土，3%玉米秸秆处理和2%玉米秸秆配施1%脱硫石膏处理显著改善了土壤理化性状和团聚体结构；而对于重度盐碱土，3%牛粪处理和2%玉米秸秆配施1%牛粪处理在改善土壤理化性状和团聚体结构整体表现较好。 |
| 关键词: 盐碱土；玉米秸秆；土壤团聚体；理化性质 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:S156.4 |
| 基金项目:内蒙古自治区科技兴蒙项目（2021EEDSCXSFQZD011） |
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| Effects of Different Soil Improvement Measures on Physicochemical Properties and Aggregate Characteristics of Saline Soilin Yellow River Irrigation Area |
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liwei, Yin Guangsheng, Li Qirui, wangyang, Shang Jianying, wangxiang
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China Agricultural University
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】 The problems of high salinity, low nutrient and poor structure of saline-alkali soil in the irrigated area on the south bank of the Yellow River seriously restrict agricultural and economic development. Therefore, it is very important to explore low-cost and cost-effective soil improvement products to promote local economic development and increase agricultural income. 【Method】Taking the soil with different salinization degrees （moderate and severe saline soil） in the irrigation area on the south bank of the Yellow River as the research object. The six treatments were as follows: control（CK）, 3% corn straw （T1）, 3% cow manure （T2）, 3% Flue Gas Desulfurization（FGD）（T3）, 2% corn straw with 1% cow manure （T4）, 2% corn straw with 1% FGD （T5）. Through soil culture experiments, the effects of improvement measures on the physicochemical properties and aggregate characteristics of different salinization degree soils in the yellow irrigation area were explored. 【Result】（1） Different improvement measures effectively improved soil physical and chemical properties. For moderate saline-alkali soils, T5 treatment significantly reduced soil pH, which was 11.3% lower than CK. For severe saline-alkali soils, T4 treatment had the most significant effect on reducing soil pH and soluble salt content, which were 4.0% and 11.7% lower than CK, respectively. （2） Five improvement measures could effectively improve the aggregate, increase the average mass diameter （MWD）, geometric mean diameter （GMD）, aggregate content greater than 0.25 mm（WR0.25）, and reduce the fractal dimension （D）. For moderate saline-alkali soils, MWD and GMD follow this order: T1>T5> T2>T4>T3; The number of large aggregates was significantly increased by five improvement measures, and WR0.25 increased by 199.9%, 116.3%, 23.8%, 125.3% and 204.7%, respectively. For severe saline soil, the WR0.25 treated with T2 and T4 increased by 81.10% and 68.02%. （3） According to the principal component factor analysis, the improvement effects were as follows: for moderate saline soil, T5 > T1 > T2> T4 > T3 > CK, for severe saline soil, T2 > T4 > T1 > T5 > T3 > CK. 【Conclusion】In summary, for moderate saline-alkali soils, the 3% corn straw treatment and 2% corn straw with 1% FGD treatment significantly improved the soil physicochemical properties and structure; for severe saline-alkali soils, 3% cow manure treatment and 2% corn straw with 1% cow manure treatment improved the physical and chemical properties and structure of the soil to a certain extent. |
| Key words: saline-alkali soil; corn straw ; soil aggregates; physical and chemical properties |
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