| 引用本文: | 贾易周,刘子西,唐 莲.基于系统动力学的青铜峡灌区农业用水效率调控研究[J].灌溉排水学报,2023,42(4):137-144. |
| JIA Yizhou,LIU Zixi,TANG Lian.基于系统动力学的青铜峡灌区农业用水效率调控研究[J].灌溉排水学报,2023,42(4):137-144. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】提出青铜峡灌区合理有效的节水政策。【方法】基于作物蒸发蒸腾量，计算青铜峡灌区主要粮食作物的蓝水足迹、绿水足迹，建立青铜峡灌区农业用水效率系统动力学模型，研究青铜峡灌区内的农业用水效率，对其水资源利用效率的可变影响因素进行调控。【结果】青铜峡灌区的农业种植需水来源主要是灌溉水，形成了以蓝水为主、绿水为辅的生产用水格局，同时当作物需水量被满足时，蓝水足迹和绿水足迹表现出相反的变化趋势；在保证青铜峡灌区内粮食作物蓝水用水量不变的前提下，选取绿水利用系数和灌溉水利用系数为主要参数对模型进行仿真模拟，当绿水利用系数从0.7增加为0.8时，2020年小麦产量增加了0.27万t，水稻产量增加了0.2万t，玉米产量增加了0.55万t；当灌溉水利用效率增加10%时，2020年小麦产量增加了0.47万t，水稻产量增加0.35万t，玉米产量增加0.77万t；当绿水利用系数和灌溉水利用系数同时增加时，2020年小麦产量增加0.75万t，水稻产量增加0.55万t，玉米产量增加1.32万t。【结论】青铜峡灌区农业种植用水应增加对绿水的利用率，通过各种工程或非工程措施提高灌区内的农业用水效率。 |
| 关键词: 水足迹；系统动力学；农业用水效率；青铜峡灌区；灌溉水利用系数 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2022461 |
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| Using System Dynamics to Improve Agricultural Water Use Efficiency in Qingtongxia Irrigation District |
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JIA Yizhou, LIU Zixi, TANG Lian
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1. Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China;
2. Xifeng Management Supervision Bureau of Yellow River Soil and Water Conservation, Qingyang 745000, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Qingtongxia irrigation district is one of the irrigation districts in northwestern China which rely on Yellow River water for irrigation. Using the water footprint concept, this paper proposes a system dynamic model to help improve agricultural water use efficiency in this district.【Method】Blue and green water footprints of major crops in the district were calculated from their evapotranspiration and transpiration. A system dynamics model for agricultural water use efficiency was then established, and the model was solved using the Vensim software.【Result】Irrigation water is the primary water source for agriculture in the district, forming a production water use pattern in which blue water is the main source and green water is a supplementary source. The blue and green water footprints vary oppositely in order to meet the demand of crops for water. On the premise to ensure constant blue water use for the crops, we selected the green water use coefficient and irrigation water use coefficient as parameters in the modelling. The model results show that increasing green water utilization coefficient from 0.7 to 0.8 can increase wheat production by 2.7×105 t, rice production by 2×105 t, and corn production by 5.5×105 t. We also found that increasing the irrigation water utilization efficiency by 10 can increase wheat production by 4.7×105 t, rice production by 3.5×105 t, and corn production by 7.7×105 t. Collectively, increasing green water utilization coefficient and irrigation water utilization coefficient simultaneously can increase wheat production by 7.5×105 t, rice production by 5.5×105 t, and maize production by 1.32×107 t.【Conclusion】Agricultural production in Qingtongxia irrigation area should consider increasing utilization of green water and improving agricultural water use efficiency by improving engineering and non-engineering facilities to increase crop yields. |
| Key words: water footprint; system dynamics; agricultural water efficiency; Qingtongxia irrigation district; water use efficiency |
