| 引用本文: | 肖亚涛,王德哲,李世欣,等.不同Cd质量分数处理下两玉米品种植株Cd分布、富集和转运特性[J].灌溉排水学报,2023,42(6):45-52. |
| XIAO Yatao,WANG Dezhe,LI Shixin,et al.不同Cd质量分数处理下两玉米品种植株Cd分布、富集和转运特性[J].灌溉排水学报,2023,42(6):45-52. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】明确不同质量分数镉（Cd）胁迫对玉米Cd积累过程的影响效应，揭示玉米种植于Cd污染土壤的生产适用性。【方法】采用田间微区试验设置6个Cd质量分数处理（CK（0.16 mg/kg）、T1（1.70 mg/kg）、T2（4.35 mg/kg）、T3（6.71 mg/kg）、T4（9.78 mg/kg）、T5（15.76 mg/kg）），分别测定郑单985（ZD）和先玉335（XY）玉米在不同质量分数Cd处理下玉米植株中Cd的组织分布特征及各器官含Cd量，分析各组织器官对Cd的富集和转运能力，并建立Cd处理质量分数梯度和玉米各组织器官含Cd量之间的相关性分析。【结果】在Cd污染处理下，Cd量的分布主要集中于根系、叶和苞叶之中，其次为茎/穗轴，籽粒中Cd量占比最少，仅为0.08%~5.12%；ZD籽粒中Cd量随着Cd处理质量分数的增大而增大，XY籽粒中Cd量则在T3处理下达到最大值0.26 mg/kg。对比ZD和XY，ZD籽粒中Cd量均高于XY，且在T4处理和T5处理下品种间差异显著（P<0.05）；富集和转运分析显示，ZD和XY植株根系富集能力最强，籽粒富集能力最弱，茎、叶和苞叶富集能力受Cd胁迫质量分数和品种差异影响波动。同一Cd质量分数处理下，根-叶和根-苞叶的转运能力最强，但存在品种差异和质量分数效应；Cd质量分数梯度与植株根系、茎、叶、苞叶、穗轴和籽粒中Cd量均呈极显著相关关系（P<0.01），其中与根系、茎、叶的相关系数分别达到0.973、0.961和0.963。【结论】玉米植株中Cd的分布、富集和转运均受Cd胁迫的质量分数影响，且存在品种差异。在1.70~15.76 mg/kg的Cd污染土壤上ZD和XY仅可作为饲料安全种植，相比较于ZD仅适用于1.70~6.71 mg/kg的Cd污染质量分数范围，XY具有更好的生产适用性。 |
| 关键词: 玉米；镉；分布；富集；转运 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2022407 |
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| Distribution, Enrichment and Transport of Cd in Two Maize Varieties Grown in Soils with Different Cd Contents |
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XIAO Yatao, WANG Dezhe, LI Shixin, WANG Long, SUN Chaoxiang, GUO Wei
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1. Key Laboratory of High-efficient and Safe Utilization of Agriculture Water Resources,
Institute of Farmland Irrigation of CAAS, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang 453002, China;
2. College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China;
3. College of Resources and Environment, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Cadmium is a heavy metal commonly seen in contaminated soils. Its uptake and translocation in plants depends on many factors. In this paper, we investigated the effect of soil Cd content on Cd uptake and its subsequent translocation and accumulation in two maize varieties. 【Method】The experiment was conducted in a field, with Zhengdan 985 (ZD) and Xiangyu 335 (XY) varieties used as the model plants. Cd content in the soil varied from 0.16 mg/kg (CK) to 15.76 mg/kg. In each treatment, we measured the enrichment and translocation of Cd to each tissue organ and analyzed the correlation between soil Cd content and Cd content in different tissues and organs of the two varieties.【Result】In all treatments, Cd was mainly accumulated in the roots, leaves and bracts, followed by stalk and ear axis. Cd content in the seeds was 0.08%~5.12%, the lowest compared with that in other organs. Cd content in the seeds of ZD increased with the increase in soil Cd content, while the maximum Cd content in the seeds of XY was 0.26 mg/kg when the soil Cd content was 6.71 mg/kg. Analysis showed that the strongest enriching organ of ZD and XY was roots and the weakest was seeds. The enrichment of Cd in stems, leaves and bracts varied with soil Cd content, though there was a varietal difference. When soil Cd content was the same, the translocation of Cd in root-to-leaf and root-to-bud was the strongest, though there were a varietal difference and soil Cd effect. Cd content in the roots, stem, leaves, bract, rachis and seeds were significantly correlated with soil Cd content, with the correlation coefficient for the root, stem and leaf being 0.973, 0.961 and 0.963, respectively.【Conclusion】Distribution, enrichment and translocation of Cd in maize were affected by soil Cd content and the maize variety. Both ZD and XY grew healthily; there was only a limited Cd accumulation in their seeds when soil Cd content was 1.70~15.76 mg/kg, though the XY was more productive when soil Cd content was 1.70~6.71 mg/kg. |
| Key words: maize; cadmium; distribution; enrichment; transport |
