| 引用本文: | 于滨杭,姬建梅,白伟桦,等.基于产量和水氮利用效率的玉米/大豆间作系统炭氮配施方案优选[J].灌溉排水学报,2023,42(7):25-33. |
| YU Binhang,JI Jianmei,BAI Weihua,et al.基于产量和水氮利用效率的玉米/大豆间作系统炭氮配施方案优选[J].灌溉排水学报,2023,42(7):25-33. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】实现间作系统低耗高效增产，获得适宜的炭氮配施方案。【方法】以间作玉米、大豆为试材进行田间小区试验，设置3个施炭水平：C0（0 t/hm2）、C1（15 t/hm2）、C2（30 t/hm2）和3个施氮水平：N1（135 kg/hm2）、N2（180 kg/hm2）、N3（225 kg/hm2），并设置对照（CK，不施炭和氮），研究不同炭氮水平对玉米/大豆间作系统产量和水氮利用效率的影响，选用博弈论赋权的TOPSIS法进行综合评定，确定基于产量和水氮利用效率的最优配施方案。【结果】炭、氮及其交互作用对玉米和大豆的产量及水氮利用效率均有影响。其中C1N2处理的玉米产量和水分利用效率最高，C1N1处理的大豆产量、氮肥利用率、氮肥偏生产力和氮肥农学效率最高。通过解析炭氮调控模型得出，施炭和施氮协同影响综合评定值，随着施炭量和施氮量的增加，综合评定值先增加后降低，适宜生物炭减施氮肥对玉米/大豆间作系统产量及水氮利用效率具有正向耦合作用。【结论】推荐水肥相对充足的东北地区采用施炭量17.1~24 t/hm2、施氮量154.8~173.7 kg/hm2的配施方案。研究可为玉米/大豆间作系统“减氮增效”提供科学依据。 |
| 关键词: 玉米/大豆间作；生物炭；减量施氮；产量；水氮利用效率 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2022389 |
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| Optimizing Biochar Application and Fertilization for Maize-soybean Intercropping System Based on Their Yields and Water-nitrogen Use Efficiency |
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YU Binhang, JI Jianmei, BAI Weihua, WANG Lixue
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1. College of Water Conservancy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China;
2. Liaoning Province Heku Management Service Center, Shenyang 110003, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Intercropping is a sustainable cultivation practice for improving crop productivity and enhancing resource use efficiency. In this paper, we investigate the combined impact of nitrogen fertilization and biochar amendment on yields and water use efficiency of maize-soybean intercropping system.【Method】The experiment was conducted in plots. It consisted of three biochar treatments: 0 t/hm2 (C0), 15 t/hm2 (C1), and 30 t/hm2 (C2), and three nitrogen fertilizations: 135 kg/hm2 (N1), 180 kg/hm2 (N2), and 225 kg/hm2 (N3). No fertilization and biochar amendment were taken as the control (CK). Yield and water and nitrogen utilization efficiency were measured in each treatment. The TOPSIS method combined with the game theory was used to determine the optimal biochar and nitrogen applications for maximizing crop yields and water and nitrogen utilization efficiency of the intercropping system.【Result】 Biochar and nitrogen applications significantly influenced yields and water and nitrogen utilization efficiency of the two crops. Biochar amendment had greater impact on corn yield and water and nitrogen utilization efficiency, while nitrogen application impacted the yield of soybean more. The C1+N2 treatment gave the highest maize yield and water utilization efficiency, while C1+N1 led to the highest soybean yield, nitrogen utilization efficiency, and nitrogen partial productivity. Results obtained from the carbon-nitrogen regulation model indicated that the comprehensive evaluation value of the synergistic effect of the carbon and nitrogen applications initially increased and then decreased with the increase in biochar and nitrogen applications. We also found that rationally reducing nitrogen application coupled with a biochar amendment had a positive effect on yields and water and nitrogen utilization efficiency of the intercropping system. 【Conclusion】 For the regions in northwestern China we studied, which have relatively sufficient water and fertilizers, amending the soil by 17.1~24 kg/hm2 of biochar combined with 154.8~173.7 kg/hm2 of nitrogen fertilization is optimal for yields and water and nitrogen utilization of corn-soybean intercropping system. |
| Key words: maize/soybean intercropping; biochar; reducing nitrogen application; yield; water-nitrogen use efficiency |
