| 引用本文: | 任频频,李保国,黄 峰.权衡生产和耗水的区域小麦种植格局优化[J].灌溉排水学报,2023,42(8):1-8. |
| REN Pinpin,LI Baoguo,HUANG Feng.权衡生产和耗水的区域小麦种植格局优化[J].灌溉排水学报,2023,42(8):1-8. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】优化种植广泛、灌溉密集的小麦种植面积，发挥节水灌溉优势，缓解华北地区的水资源短缺压力。【方法】引入小麦蒸散量耗水和产量等指标，建立华北区域尺度上的县域小麦种植面积目标规划模型，探讨生产和耗水权衡视角下的区域小麦生产布局优化方案。【结果】2001—2009年，华北地区小麦生育期ET（Evapotranspiration）呈上升趋势，2010—2018年呈显著下降趋势（p<0.05）。不同水文年型的小麦ET差异显著，总体表现出“枯水年最高、平水年次之、丰水年最低”的特征。省级水平上，当总产量权重为1时，现有灌溉水平下的小麦总产量可提高1.2%~2.3%，当ET权重为1时，小麦蒸散量耗水可减少0.4%~0.8%；市级水平上的相应结果分别为0.7%~1.6%和0.3%~0.5%。此外，同一灌溉水平下，在总产量权重降低、ET权重增加的过程中，能保持较高小麦种植规模的区域呈现规律性转移（在河北是由南向北转移），体现了不同县域在小麦生产或耗水管理方面的优势。【结论】无论是当前灌溉水平还是在一定的灌溉约束下，通过优化华北地区的县域小麦种植规模，都可以获取更多的产量或实现更少的蒸散量耗水，本研究可为该地区区域小麦种植格局优化和水资源管理提供一定的参考。 |
| 关键词: 小麦种植；区域优化；生产耗水平衡；灌溉约束 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2022545 |
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| Optimizing Wheat Planting Pattern to Balance Wheat Production and Its Water Consumption |
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REN Pinpin, LI Baoguo, HUANG Feng
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1. College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;
2. Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (North China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, China;
3. Key Laboratory of Agricultural Land Quality, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100193, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】 Wheat is the most important crop in North China. However, the scarcity of freshwater resources in this region cannot sustain its production. Optimizing wheat planting area to balance wheat production and its water requirement is hence essential to conserving irrigation water and alleviating water shortage pressure .【Method】Evapotranspiration and wheat yield were used as indicators to establish the objective of the wheat planting areas at county scale in the region. Optimization for wheat production was established from the trade-off between wheat production and its water consumption.【Result】From 2001 to 2009, evapotranspiration in the wheat season exhibited an increasing trend, followed by a significant decrease from 2010 to 2018 (p<0.05). Moreover, evapotranspiration in the wheat season showed significant variation among different hydrological years, characterized by the highest level in dry years, followed by normal years, and the lowest level was in wet years. Under current irrigation levels, keeping wheat production weight and evapotranspiration weight both at 1 can increase wheat yield by 1.2% to 2.3% and reduce evapotranspiration by 0.4% to 0.8% across the province. Similar results were also obtained at municipal scale, with the yield increasing by 0.7% to 1.6% and evapotranspiration reduced by 0.3% to 0.5%, under the same production and evapotranspiration level. It was found that under the same irrigation levels, reducing production weight combined with an increase in evapotranspiration weight shifts the regions that can maintain high wheat production from the south to the north in Hebei province. This reflects the variations in wheat production and its water consumption between different counties.【Conclusion】Under current irrigation level or imposing constraint to irrigation, optimizing wheat planting area at county scale in North China can increase yield and reduce evapotranspiration. Our results provide valuable insights into optimization of wheat planting patterns to balance the trade-off between wheat production and water consumption. |
| Key words: wheat planting; regional optimization; trade-off between production and water consumption; irrigation constraint |
