| 引用本文: | 倪 刚,贺 晨,曾 溢,等.盐碱地咸水/微咸水农业安全与高效利用研究进展与展望[J].灌溉排水学报,2023,42(12):149-156. |
| NI Gang,HE Chen,ZENG Yi,et al.盐碱地咸水/微咸水农业安全与高效利用研究进展与展望[J].灌溉排水学报,2023,42(12):149-156. |
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| 摘要: |
| 盐碱地是我国重要的后备耕地资源，主要分布于北方干旱半干旱地区，淡水资源短缺限制了盐碱地的开发利用。我国地下咸水、微咸水资源丰富，但利用率较低，研究咸水/微咸水资源的安全、高效利用的原理和技术对盐碱地农业开发利用意义重大。本文总结了盐碱地农田咸水/微咸水直接灌溉、咸-淡水交替灌溉等农田咸水/微咸水开发利用方式，分析了不同利用方式对土壤和作物生长的影响，归纳了当前常见的咸水处理技术以及覆盖、土壤培肥等配套农艺措施对咸水/微咸水安全利用的作用效果。总结了不同咸水/微咸水灌溉及配套措施对土壤盐分、有机质、养分、团聚体、微生物群落特征、作物养分吸收及产量的影响。从因地制宜进行咸水/微咸水资源开发利用、水资源受限条件下根域耐盐适生、智慧化灌溉技术研发等方面提出了未来研究展望，以期为咸水、微咸水安全高效利用提供借鉴。 |
| 关键词: 咸水；微咸水；盐渍化；灌溉；农业生产 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2023210 |
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| Safe and Efficient Utilization of Saline and Brackish Water in Saline-alkali Farmland: Progress and Perspective |
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NI Gang, HE Chen, ZENG Yi, ZHANG Junling, WANG Guangzhou
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China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Saline-alkali soils are an important reserve cultivated land resource in China. They are mainly distributed in arid and semi-arid areas in the north, but the shortage of fresh water resources restricts the exploitation of saline-alkali land for agricultural production. There is a shortage of agricultural freshwater resources while the utilization of saline groundwater and brackish water is low. Research on the safety and efficient utilization of saline and brackish water is of hence great significance to agricultural production and saline soil improvement.【Method】We provide a comprehensive overview of agricultural development practices concerning use of saline and brackish water, including approaches such as directly using brackish water for irrigation and alternate irrigation using saline and freshwater. We elucidate the adverse effect of inappropriate utilization of brackish water on soil and crop health. Furthermore, we review the contemporary advanced technologies for brackish water treatment and underscores the supportive role of agronomic practices like mulching and soil fertilization in promoting the safe utilization of saline and brackish water.【Result】The study synthesizes the impact of different irrigation methods on soil salt content, organic matter, nutrient levels, aggregate structure, and crop yields.【Conclusion】In regions amenable to saline water and brackish water irrigation, a holistic assessment of factors such as soil type and crop variety should help to manage irrigation decisions. We conclude by outlining research prospects in the future, which encompass tailored development and utilization of saline water and brackish water, understanding rhizosphere adaptations in water-constrained environments, and the application of intelligent irrigation technologies to enhance sustainability. |
| Key words: saline water; brackish water; salinization; irrigation; agricultural production |
