| 引用本文: | 张笑培,常 晓,杨慎骄,等.水分及秸秆覆盖对夏玉米土壤呼吸及碳平衡的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2024,43(1):1-8. |
| ZHANG Xiaopei,CHANG Xiao,YANG Shenjiao,et al.水分及秸秆覆盖对夏玉米土壤呼吸及碳平衡的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2024,43(1):1-8. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】充分发挥秸秆覆盖与适宜灌溉对作物增产及土壤固碳减排的各自优势及二者协同效应，建立减排增产节水的高效农田管理模式。【方法】以豫东地区夏玉米为研究对象，设置覆盖方式（秸秆覆盖（S）和无覆盖（N））和灌水控制下限（田间持水率（FC）的50%（W1）、60%（W2）、70%（W3）、80%（W4））两因素试验，系统研究水分及秸秆覆盖对土壤碳排放总量、土壤微生物异氧呼吸碳释放量和农田净初级生产力固碳量影响。【结果】秸秆覆盖和灌水增加了土壤呼吸、农田净初级生产力固碳量和土壤微生物异氧呼吸碳释放量，其中SW4处理均最高，与SW3、NW4处理差异不显著。SW3处理净生态系统生产力（NEP）和碳排放效率均最高，分别较其他处理高3.99%~245.74%和2.35%~138.80%。与SW4处理相比，SW3处理在节约灌水的前提下，农田净生态系统生产力提高2.99%，碳排放效率提高2.35%。【结论】综合考虑农田净生态系统生产力和碳排放效率，SW3处理（灌水控制下限为70%FC+秸秆覆盖）可以作为节水、减排、增产的农田管理模式。 |
| 关键词: 秸秆覆盖；土壤水分；夏玉米；土壤呼吸；碳平衡 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2021446 |
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| Effects of water and straw mulching on soil respiration and carbon balance in summer maize farmland |
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ZHANG Xiaopei, CHANG Xiao, YANG Shenjiao, WANG Hezhou, ZHOU Xinguo
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1. Institute of Farmland Irrigation, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang 453002, China;
2. National Agro-ecological System Observation and Research Station of Shangqiu, Shangqiu 476000, China;
3. College of Humanities, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300392, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The purpose of this paper is to give full play to the respective advantages and synergistic effects of straw mulching and suitable irrigation on crop yield and soil carbon sequestration and emission reduction, establish an efficient farmland management mode of emission reduction, increase, and water saving.【Method】Taking summer maize in Western Henan as the research object, the mulching method and the lower limit of irrigation water were tested. The mulching method was straw mulching (S) and no mulching (N). The lower limit of irrigation water was set at four levels: 50% (W1), 60% (W2), 70% (W3) and 80% (W4) of field water holding capacity. Soil respiration, crop biomass and grain yield under different treatments were systematically studied. The total amount of soil carbon emission, the amount of soil microbial isooxygen respiration carbon release and the amount of carbon sequestration of farmland net primary productivity were calculated. Farmland net ecosystem productivity (NEP) was calculated as the carbon sequestration of farmland net primary productivity and the carbon release of soil microbial iso-respiration. Carbon emission efficiency (CE) calculated from crop yields and soil carbon emissions reflected the economic and environmental benefits of farmland. NEP and CE were used to objectively evaluate the effects of straw mulching and different irrigation lower limits on crop yield and carbon sequestration. 【Result】The soil respiration rate of SW4 treatment was the highest and that of NW1 treatment was the lowest. Soil respiration rate of SW4 treatment reached the highest value at anthesis stage 6.08 μmol/(m2·s1), and there was no significant difference between SW3 treatment and NW4 treatment. Compared with NW1 treatment, straw mulching and irrigation increased the amount of carbon sequestration in farmland net primary productivity and the amount of soil microbial iso-respiratory carbon release, and that of SW4 treatment was the highest, with no significant difference compared with SW3 treatment and NW4 treatment. SW3 treatment had the highest NEP which was 3.99%-245.74% higher than that of other treatments and the highest CE which were 2.35%-138.80% higher than that of other treatments. Compared with SW4 treatment, NEP of SW3 treatment increased by 2.99% and CE of SW3 treatment increased by 2.35% under the premise of saving irrigation.【Conclusion】The lower limit of irrigation water is 70%FC and straw mulching (SW3) treatment, which can effectively coordinate the yield and carbon emission efficiency of summer maize farmland system, promote higher crop yield, achieve higher net ecosystem productivity and carbon emission efficiency, and reduce the carbon emission generated in the production process under the condition of higher irrigation amount. Achieve carbon sequestration and emission reduction and water utilization system promotion. Considering net ecosystem productivity and carbon emission efficiency of farmland, SW3 treatment can be used as a farmland management mode for water saving, emission reduction and yield increase. |
| Key words: straw mulching; soil moisture; summer maize; soil respiration; carbon balance |
