| 引用本文: | 郭佳雯,蒲迅赤,黄瑞仙.渠道走向及几何尺寸对灌溉水增温的影响研究[J].灌溉排水学报,2021,(1):-. |
| guojiawen,puxunchi,huangruixian.渠道走向及几何尺寸对灌溉水增温的影响研究[J].灌溉排水学报,2021,(1):-. |
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| 摘要: |
| 农作物的生长和发育都需要一定的温度，低温灌溉水会造成农作物的减产，因此需要采取一定的措施升高灌溉水温。【目的】为了探究渠道本身走向和几何尺寸对灌溉水自然增温过程的影响，【方法】本文根据渠道增温过程原理，建立了适用于渠道表面水体吸收太阳短波辐射的计算模型，并通过实验验证该模型，在此基础上，利用该模型模拟不同的渠道几何尺寸和渠道走向下灌溉水的增温效率。【结果】实验证明该模型具有一定的精度及准确度；计算模拟结果表明，在相同条件下，东西走向且宽深比大的渠道增温效率最高，宽深比为2:1的渠道的增温效率比1:1的渠道高42.42%-256%；东西走向的渠道增温效率比南北走向的渠道高58.45%-296%。【结论】因此，可以通过对灌溉渠道走向和几何尺寸的优化设计，有效利用灌溉水输运过程中的自然增温过程提高水温，降低低温灌溉水对农作物生长的影响。 |
| 关键词: 渠道走向；几何尺寸；灌溉水；太阳辐射；水温 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:s275.3 |
| 基金项目: |
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| Study on the Influence of Channel Orientation and Geometrical Size on Irrigation Water Temperature Increase |
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guojiawen, puxunchi, huangruixian
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State Key Lab. of Hydraulics and Mountain River Eng.
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| Abstract: |
| The growth and development of crops need a certain temperature, but both the well irrigation method in the north of China and the reservoir water storage irrigation in the South will cause low irrigation water temperature. If the water temperature is too low in the process of irrigation, it will reduce the photosynthesis of plants, inhibit the water absorption of roots, and affect the absorption of minerals, thus breaking the development law of crops, and ultimately leading to the reduction of grain production. Therefore, it is necessary to take certain measures to increase the irrigation water temperature. 【Objective】The objective is to explore the influence of the direction and size of the channel itself on the irrigation water temperature, from the perspective of the optimization of the direction and size of the channel to improve the heating efficiency of the irrigation water. 【Method】Some experiment were conducted. We established a calculation model of water surface temperature, and verified the accuracy of the model through experiments On this basis, We used this model to calculate the increasing temperature range of irrigation channel water under nine conditions. The nine conditions are as follows: the width depth ratio of the river channel in the north-south direction is 2:1, 1.5:1 and 1:1, the width depth ratio of the river channel in the east-west direction is 2:1, 1.5:1 and 1:1, and the width depth ratio of the river channel at an angle of 45 ° between the east-west direction and the east-west direction is 2:1, 1.5:1 and 1:1. 【Result】The experiment shows that the model has a certain precision and accuracy. The simulation results show that under the same conditions, the channel with largest ratio of width to depth in east-west direction had the highest heating efficiency. When the channel trend is the same, the width depth ratio is different, the channel with a width-depth ratio of 2:1 had a heating efficiency of 42.4%～526%, which was higher than that with a ratio of 1:1. And when the width depth ratio of channels is the same, the trend is different, the channel with east-west direction had a heating efficiency of 58.45%～296%, which was also higher than that with north-south direction. 【Conclusion】Therefore, we can draw the following conclusions: (1) the mathematical model of irrigation water temperature increase established in this paper has a certain precision and accuracy, and can be used in the calculation of the actual process; (2) under the same conditions, the greater the width depth ratio, the better the channel temperature increase efficiency. Therefore, in the possible case, the channel width depth ratio should be maximized to increase the natural temperature increase efficiency of irrigation water; (3) In the case of the same section area, width depth ratio and time interval, the closer the channel is to the East-West trend, the better the effect of increasing temperature is. Therefore, if possible, the channel should be close to the east-west direction to increase the natural warming efficiency of irrigation water. |
| Key words: Channel direction; Geometric size; Irrigation water; Solar radiation; Water temperature |
