| 引用本文: | 赵堂甫,肖厚军,赵 欢[],等.基肥深施对贵州高产玉米产量及构成要素、养分吸收及利用的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
| ZHAO Tang-fu,XIAO Hou-jun,ZHAO Huan[],et al.基肥深施对贵州高产玉米产量及构成要素、养分吸收及利用的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
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| 基肥深施对贵州高产玉米产量及构成要素、养分吸收及利用的影响 |
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赵堂甫1,2, 肖厚军1,2, 赵 欢[]1,2, 芶久兰1,2, 赵伦学3, 张 萌1,2, 魏全全1,2, 秦 松1,2, 胡 岗1,2, 何成兴4
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1.贵州省农业科学院 2.土壤肥料研究所/农业部贵州耕地保育与农业环境科学观测实验站;3.黔西县农牧局;4.云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探明贵州黄壤区玉米基肥施用中采用的化肥深施技术的适宜深度。【方法】采用大田实验的试验方法，共设置6个处理，CK，不同的化肥施用深度（0cm，5cm，10cm，15cm，20cm），对玉米的产量，产量构成要素指标，生物性状，氮、磷、钾吸收量以及其表观利用率的影响，增加土壤肥力。【结果】大田试验结果表明，化肥不同施用深度显著影响玉米的产量，产量构成指标，生物性状；玉米产量随着施肥深度增加而增加，增加幅度为1.07%-14.20%，产量构成要素指标为深施20cm（T5）处理综合指标较高，生物性状指标中深施5cm（T2）最为显著的提高了株高、茎粗、穗位高7.23%，12.80%和22.99%，氮磷钾吸收量分别提高了11%-14%，9%-21%和1%-6%，氮磷钾的表观利用率分别提高了77.1%-99.2%，56.7%-130.5%和52%-113%。【结论】贵州黄壤地区玉米生产种植中化肥深施效果显著，在5-20cm深度内深施深度越深，对其产量提高越显著，而对玉米养分以及其利用率的提高，在15cm深度左右深施效果最好。 |
| 关键词: 化肥深施，玉米，产量，生物性状，养分利用 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:S158.3 |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目“云贵高原山地粒用玉米化肥农药减施增效综合技术集成与示范”(2018YFD0200705)。 |
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| Response of maize yield, biological traits and nutrient utilization and soil fertility to fertilization depth in Guizhou |
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ZHAO Tang-fu,XIAO Hou-jun,ZHAO Huan[],et al
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1.Institute of soil and Fertilizer,Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Scientific Oberving and Experimental Station of Arable Land Conservation and Agricultural EnvironmentGuizhou,Ministry of Agriculture;2.Qianxi County Bureau of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry,Qianxi;3.Institute of Agricultural Environment ＆Resources,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Yunnan Kunming
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】To find out the appropriate depth of the deep application technique of fertilizer used in the application of corn base fertilizer in the yellow soil area of Guizhou.【Methods】Using the test method of Daejeon experiment, a total of 6 treatments, CK, different fertilizer application depths (0cm, 5cm, 10cm, 15cm, 20cm) were applied to corn yield, yield component index, biological traits, nitrogen, The effects of phosphorus and potassium absorption and their apparent utilization rate increase soil fertility. 【Results】The results of field experiment showed that the different application depth of chemical fertilizer significantly affected the yield, yield component and biological traits of maize; the yield of maize increased with the increase of fertilization depth, the increase ranged from 1.07% to 14.20%, and the yield component index was deep. The comprehensive index of 20cm (T5) treatment was higher, and the deep application of 5cm (T2) in the biological traits increased the plant height, stem diameter and ear height by 7.23%, 12.80% and 22.99%, respectively. Increased by 11%-14%, 9%-21% and 1%-6%, the apparent utilization rate of NPK increased by 77.1%-99.2%, 56.7%-130.5% and 52%-113%, respectively. 【Conclusion】The effect of deep application of chemical fertilizer in corn production and planting in Guizhou yellow soil area is significant. The deeper the deep application depth in the depth of 5-20cm, the more obvious the yield increase, while the increase of corn nutrient and its utilization rate is 15cm. Deep application in depth is best. |
| Key words: deep application of chemical fertilizer, corn, yield, biological traits, nutrient utilization |
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