| 引用本文: | 郑浣彤,耿艳秋,金峰,等.秸秆还田与氮肥运筹对水稻产量及氮素利用的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
| ZHENG Huantong,GENG Yanqiu,JIN Feng,et al.秸秆还田与氮肥运筹对水稻产量及氮素利用的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
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| 秸秆还田与氮肥运筹对水稻产量及氮素利用的影响 |
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郑浣彤, 耿艳秋, 金峰, 孙琪, 刘丽新, 郭丽颖, 邵玺文
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吉林农业大学 农学院
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探明秸秆还田条件下最佳的氮肥运筹比例对水稻产量及氮素利用的影响,为秸秆还田条件下的水稻生产提供合理的氮肥运筹模式。【方法】以水稻品种吉粳88为供试材料,采用裂区试验设计,主区为秸秆还田(S)和秸秆不还田(S0)；副区为氮肥运筹处理,在总施纯氮量为200 kg.hm-2下,设置基肥：分蘖肥：穗肥分别为7:2:1(N1)、6:3:1(N2)、5:3:2(N3)、4:3:3(N4)4种氮肥运筹比例,不施氮肥为对照(CK),研究各处理对群体干物质积累量、水稻产量及产量构成因素及氮素利用效率的影响。【结果】结果表明,秸秆还田可有效增加各时期的干物质与氮素积累,提高氮肥利用率及水稻产量。在秸秆还田条件下,当氮肥运筹比例为基肥：分蘖肥：穗肥=7:2:1(N1)时能够有效促进抽穗至成熟期的干物质积累,提高水稻主要生育时期的氮素积累量及氮肥利用效率,显著增加水稻产量,为本试验中最佳的氮肥运筹模式；而氮肥前期施用不足的N4(基肥：分蘖肥：穗肥=4:3:3)处理,不利于水稻主要生育时期的干物质和氮素积累量,导致水稻氮肥利用效率及产量下降。相关性分析表明,秸秆还田与氮肥运筹下全生育期的干物质总积累量与穗数和每穗粒数呈极显著正相关(r=0.824** - 0.920**),与千粒重、结实率的相关性不显著。【结论】在秸秆还田为8.0 t.hm-2条件下,氮肥运筹以基肥：蘖肥：穗肥为7:2:1时能够有效增加各时期的干物质与氮素积累,提高氮肥利用率及水稻产量,为最佳氮肥运筹比例。 |
| 关键词: 水稻;秸秆还田;氮肥运筹;氮素利用率;产量 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:s511 |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0501204；2018YFD0300207-3)；吉林省科技发展计划 (20180201037N);吉林省教育厅“十三五”科学技术研究规划项目(JJKH20190933KJ)；吉林农业大学博士启动基金(201706)。 |
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| Effects of straw returning and nitrogen fertilizer application on rice yield and nitrogen utilization |
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ZHENG Huantong, GENG Yanqiu, JIN Feng, SUN Qi, LIU Lixin, GUO Liying, SHAO Xiwen
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College of Agriculture,Jilin Agricultural University
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】To find out the effect of the best ratio of nitrogen fertilizer application on rice yield and nitrogen utilization under the condition of straw returning to the field, and to provide a reasonable nitrogen fertilizer operation model for rice production under the condition of straw returning to the field.【methods】The experiment is based on the rice variety Jiggle 88 as the test material.The split zone test design is adopted in this experiment.The main area is straw return to the field.(S),uncovered straw returned to the field (S0). Under the same total N application of 200 kg.hm-2,four application patterns with the application ratio of base fertilizer,tillering fertilizer and panicle fertilizer at N1(7:2:1),N 2 (6:3:1),N 3 (5:3:2),N 4 (4:3:3).The effects of each treatment on rice yield and yield components, dry matter accumulation and nitrogen use efficiency were studied.【results】the results showed that straw returning to the field could effectively increase dry matter and nitrogen accumulation, improve nitrogen use efficiency and rice yield. Under the condition of straw returning to the field, when the proportion of nitrogen fertilizer was base fertilizer: tiller fertilizer: panicle fertilizer = 7:2:1 (N1), it could effectively promote the dry matter accumulation from heading to maturity, increase the nitrogen accumulation and nitrogen use efficiency at the main growth stage of rice, and significantly increase the rice yield, which was the best nitrogen fertilizer operation model in this experiment. However, the treatment of N4(basic fertilizer: tiller fertilizer: panicle fertilizer = 4:3:3), which was not applied enough in the early stage of nitrogen fertilizer, was not conducive to the dry matter and nitrogen accumulation in the main growth period of rice, which led to the decrease of nitrogen use efficiency and yield of rice.The correlation analysis showed that the total dry matter accumulation during the whole growth period was positively correlated with panicle number and grain number per panicle(r=0.824** - 0.920**), but not with 1000-grain weight and seed setting rate.【conclusion】under the condition of straw returning to the field as 8.0 t.hm-2, the operation of nitrogen fertilizer with base fertilizer: tiller fertilizer: panicle fertilizer at 7:2:1 can effectively increase the accumulation of dry matter and nitrogen in each period, improve the nitrogen use efficiency and rice yield, and is the best proportion of nitrogen fertilizer operation. |
| Key words: rice;straw returning; nitrogen fertilizer application; Nitrogen use efficiency;yield |
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