| 引用本文: | 俞淞,马巍,王红瑞,等.宁夏地区引黄灌区典型排水沟排水特性分析*[J].灌溉排水学报,2020,(Z2):-. |
| yusong,MA Wei,WANG Hongrui,et al.宁夏地区引黄灌区典型排水沟排水特性分析*[J].灌溉排水学报,2020,(Z2):-. |
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| 宁夏地区引黄灌区典型排水沟排水特性分析* |
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俞淞,马巍,王红瑞,等
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1.北京师范大学 水科学研究院;2.中国水利水电科学研究院水环境研究所 北京
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| 摘要: |
| 宁夏灌区是黄河上游最大的,也是中国历史最悠久的灌区之一,然而随着近现代农业投入的增加以及物质需求的改变,农业生产和农业活动造成的非点源污染在环境污染中的影响越来越凸现,宁夏灌区农业生产程度高、农业要素投入大,加之粗放农作方式普遍存在,由此带来的农业径流污染较为严重。宁夏灌区的农田退水经排水沟汇集后进入黄河,因此灌区农田退水携带的非点源污染负荷量将对黄河干流宁夏段的河道水质产生重要影响。本文将引黄灌区退水沟渠的水量分成基流和农田退水两部分：非灌溉季节的水量多为基流,其水质总体反映灌区点源负荷排放情况；灌溉季节主要以农田退水为主,其水质总体反映农田退水携带的非点源负荷情况。比较分析得出,第四排水沟基流所占比重最大,依次是第三排水沟、第二排水沟、第一排水沟、第五排水沟,表明四排的点源污染相对最为严重,五排的点源污染相对最小；反过来讲,第五排水沟农田退水量所占比重最大,第四排水沟农田退水量所占比重最小。以第四排水沟为例进行分析,从退水水质浓度来看,点源排水水质较农田退水排水水质差,从入黄污染物总量来源组成看,COD、BOD指标主要来自于农田退水,氨氮指标主要来自于城镇及工业点源。 |
| 关键词: 宁夏;灌区;排水;水质 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:TV213.9 |
| 基金项目: |
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| Yellow River Irrigation and drainage characteristics analysis of Ningxia |
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yusong1, MA Wei2, WANG Hongrui3, Huang Wei2
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1.Beijing Normal University;2.China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research;3.College of Water Science,Beijing Normal University
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| Abstract: |
| Ningxia irrigation area is one of the largest and oldest Chinese irrigated in the upper reaches of Yellow River. However, with the increase in modern agricultural inputs as well as material needs change, non-point source pollution caused by agricultural production and activities in the environment pollution highlights the increasing influence. Because of high degree of agricultural production in the irrigation area, big factor inputs in agriculture, coupled with extensive agricultural practices of common agricultural, resulting runoff pollution more serious. Farmland irrigation area recession of Ningxia after collection drains into the Yellow River, and therefore the amount of irrigated farmland back non-point source pollution load carried by the water will have a major affect river water quality of the Yellow River in Ningxia section. This article divides the amount of refund water in irrigated areas of water canals into farmland back and base flow of water: the non-irrigation season water mostly is base flow, which reflects the overall water quality of irrigated load point source emissions; farmland irrigation season mainly water-based retreat which reflects the overall water quality of farmland back non-point source loads carried by water. Comparing with base flow, the fourth drain is the most, then followed by the third drain, the second drain, the first drain, the fifth drain.These indicate point source pollution of the fourth drain is relatively the most serious, five point source pollution discharge is relatively minimal. Conversely, agricultural water return from the fifth drain is the most, while the fourth drain is the smallest. The fourth drains for example, the concentration of water quality is poor from the withdrawal, the point source effluent quality than the return of farmland water drainage water quality is poor, from the yellow river of the total pollutant sources to analysis, COD and BOD indicators mainly from the agricultural water withdrawal, while NH3-N mainly from towns and industry. |
| Key words: Ningxia;Irrigation;drainage;water equality |
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