南疆无膜滴灌棉花灌溉制度对土壤水分和产量品质的影响

王洪博; 曹辉; 王兴鹏; 高阳

引用本文:	王洪博,曹辉,王兴鹏,等.南疆无膜滴灌棉花灌溉制度对土壤水分和产量品质的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-.
	WANG Hongbo,CAO HUI,WANG XINGPENG,et al.南疆无膜滴灌棉花灌溉制度对土壤水分和产量品质的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-.

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南疆无膜滴灌棉花灌溉制度对土壤水分和产量品质的影响
王洪博,曹辉,王兴鹏,等
1.塔里木大学水利与建筑工程学院;2.塔里木大学现代农业工程重点实验室;3.中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所

摘要:

目的】通过小区试验，分析了南疆地区无膜滴灌条件下不同灌水定额对土壤水分、棉花生长和产量品质的影响。【方法】试验设置I1、I2和I3三个无膜滴灌灌水定额，即36 mm、45 mm和54 mm，并以膜下滴灌I4（36 mm）做为对照处理。【结果】结果表明：无膜滴灌棉花茎粗和株高随灌水定额的增加而增加，但对照处理对提高棉花茎粗和株高更明显。无膜滴灌棉花土壤含水率在0~60 cm剖面上随灌水定额的增加整体表现为增大趋势，而膜下滴灌处理的土壤水分波动要小于无膜滴灌处理。无膜滴灌棉花随着灌水定额的增加籽棉产量显著增加，I3处理的籽棉产量可达7 195.48 kg/hm2，较膜下滴灌增加了19.54%，且棉花品质最好，但膜下滴灌的灌溉水利用高效率最高。【结论】从棉花生长、产量品质及灌溉水利用效率综合分析，无膜滴灌灌水定额为54 mm时，棉花生长及产量品质较优。

关键词: 棉花;无膜滴灌;生长;产量品质

DOI：

分类号:S562；S274.4

基金项目:国家重点研发计划课题“棉花非充分灌溉制度及节水控盐高效灌溉模式(2016YFC0400208)”

Effects of Irrigation Regimes on Soil Moisture, Yield and Quality of Filmless Drip Irrigation Cotton in Southern Xinjiang

WANG Hongbo^1,2,3,2, CAO HUI^1,2,3,2, WANG XINGPENG^1,2,3,2, GAOYANG⁴

1.College of Water Resource and Architecture Engineering,Tarim University,Alaer;2.China;3.ey Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Engineering,Tarim University;4.Farmland Irrigation Research Institute，Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Xinxiang 453002,China

Abstract:

【Background】Effectively curbing the further expansion of mulch pollution has become a major scientific and practical issue that needs to be resolved in cotton production in Xinjiang. Therefore, studying the response relationship between irrigation quotas and soil moisture, cotton growth, yield and quality, and determining the appropriate cotton filmless drip irrigation system are essential to promote cotton cultivation without film drip irrigation in large areas.【Objective】The effects of different irrigation quotas on soil moisture, growth, yield and quality of filmless drip irrigation in southern Xinjiang were analyzed by plot test.【Method】Three filmless drip irrigation irrigation quotas of I1, I2 and I3 were set, ie 36 mm, 45 mm and 54 mm, and I4 (36 mm) under-film drip irrigation was used as a control treatment.【Result】The results showed that the stem diameter and plant height of cotton without membrane drip increased with the increase of irrigation quota, but the control treatment increased the stem diameter and plant height of cotton. The soil moisture content of cotton without membrane drip irrigation increased with the increase of irrigation quota on the 0～60 cm profile, while the soil moisture fluctuation under drip irrigation was smaller than that without membrane drip irrigation. The yield of seed cotton with membrane drip irrigation increased significantly with the increase of irrigation quota. The yield of seed cotton treated by I3 could reach 7 195.48 kg/hm2, which was 19.54% higher than that of the control. The quality of cotton was the best, but the drip irrigation under the membrane. Irrigation water utilization is the most efficient.【Conclusion】From the comprehensive analysis of cotton growth, yield quality and irrigation water use efficiency, the effect of filmless drip irrigation irrigation quota of 54 mm on cotton growth, yield and quality is better than other treatments.

Key words: Cotton;Filmless drip irrigation;Growth;Yield and quality