灌溉水量对冬小麦农田土壤N2O与CO2排放的影响

熊浩; 张保成; 李建柱; 张旭; 石建华

引用本文:	熊浩,张保成,李建柱,等.灌溉水量对冬小麦农田土壤N2O与CO2排放的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-.
	XIONG Hao,ZHANG Bao-cheng,LI Jian-zhu,et al.灌溉水量对冬小麦农田土壤N2O与CO2排放的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-.

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灌溉水量对冬小麦农田土壤N2O与CO2排放的影响
熊浩¹, 张保成², 李建柱¹, 张旭², 石建华²
1.天津大学水利工程仿真与安全国家重点实验室;2.北京中水科苑工程咨询有限公司

摘要:

摘要：【目的】研究不同灌溉水量下冬小麦农田土壤N2O和CO2的排放特征及影响因子，可为制定科学的农田灌溉策略和温室气体减排方案提供理论依据。【方法】选择河北省晋州市长期玉米-小麦轮作农田土壤作为研究对象，设置CK（89.96 mm）、T1(80.96 mm)、T2(71.97 mm)、T3(62.97 mm)、T4(53.98 mm)、T5(44.98 mm) 6种灌溉水量处理，采用静态暗箱-气相色谱法采集和分析冬小麦全生育期内土壤N2O和CO2的排放通量。【结果】（1）灌水量的减少降低了土壤N2O和CO2的排放通量，与CK相比，T1~T5处理土壤N2O累积排放量分别减少24.99%（P=0.18），10.89%（P=0.53），39.14%（P=0.06），48.99%（P＜0.05）和56.11%（P＜0.05）；土壤CO2累积排放量分别减少5.47%，4.75%，9.65%，7.52%和12.33%，但均未达到显著水平（P＞0.05）。（2）通过相关分析发现，N2O排放通量与0~10 cm、10~20 cm土壤水分和0~5 cm土壤温度间呈正相关，CO2排放通量与0~10 cm土壤水分和0~5 cm土壤温度间呈正相关，与10~20 cm土壤水分间呈负相关。（3）减少灌溉用水量的T1~T5处理较CK相比，土壤N2O和CO2的综合排放温室效应减少了5.73%~19.30%，T3处理小麦产量最高。【结论】综合考虑气体排放和小麦产量，T3处理对应的灌水量是兼顾节水、作物产量和温室气体减排的推荐灌溉水量。

关键词: 灌水量;冬小麦土壤N2O排放;土壤CO2 排放

DOI：

分类号:S151.9

基金项目:全球环境基金水资源与水环境综合管理推广（主流化）项目

Effects of Different Irrigation Schemes on Soil N2O and CO2 Emission in Winter Wheat Fields

XIONG Hao¹, ZHANG Bao-cheng², LI Jian-zhu¹, ZHANG Xu², SHI Jian-hua²

1.Tianjin University School of Civil Engineering;2.Beijing Sino-Water Keyuan Engineering Consulting Co,Ltd

Abstract:

Abstract:【Objective】Studying the emission characteristics and the main driving factors of N2O and CO2 in winter wheat field under different irrigation schemes could provide theoretical basis for rational agricultural irrigation and emission reduction of greenhouse gases.【Method】Maize-wheat rotation fields in Jinzhou city, Hebei Province were selected as the experiment spots to do such a research. There are six irrigation schemes including CK (89.96 mm), T1(80.96 mm), T2(71.97 mm), T3(62.97 mm), T4(53.98 mm) and T5(44.98 mm). The emission fluxes of N2O and CO2 in soil were collected and analyzed by Static chamber-gas chromatography.【Result】（1）The experimental results showed that the decrease of irrigation water reduced the soil N2O and CO2 emission flux. Compared with CK, the cumulative emission of soil N2O from T1 to T5 decreased 24.99% (P=0.18), 10.89% (P=0.53), 39.14% (P=0.06), 48.99% (P < 0.05) and 56.11% (P < 0.05), respectively. The cumulative emission of soil CO2 decreased by 5.47%, 4.75%, 9.65%, 7.52% and 12.33%, respectively, but none of them reached significant levels (P>0.05).（2）Correlation analysis showed that N2O emission flux was positively correlated with soil moisture of 0~10cm, 10~20cm depth and soil temperature of 0~5cm depth, CO2 emission flux was positively correlated with soil moisture of 0~10cm depth and soil temperature of 0~5cm depth, and negatively correlated with soil moisture of 10~20cm depth. This study shows that the emission of N2O and CO2 from wheat field is influenced by soil moisture and soil temperature to some extent.（3）Compared with CK, the comprehensive greenhouse effect of soil N2O and CO2 emissions decreased by 5.73%~19.30% in T1~T5 treatment, and the yield of wheat was highest in T3 treatment.【Conclusion】The irrigation amount corresponding to T3 is the recommended irrigation amount that takes into account water saving, crop yield and atmospheric environment.

Key words: irrigation amount; winter wheat; soil N2O emission; soil CO2 emission