| 引用本文: | 原亚琦,孙敏,林文,等.底墒和磷肥对旱地冬小麦产量及其品质的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2020,(3):-. |
| yuanyaqi,sunmin,linwen,et al.底墒和磷肥对旱地冬小麦产量及其品质的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2020,(3):-. |
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| 摘要: |
| 为分析黄土高原旱地小麦产量及品质对底墒和磷肥的响应,在山西省南部试验设土壤3个播前底墒水平(0—100cm)播前0—100cm 底墒W1(248 mm)、W2(233 mm)、W3(205 mm)和两个施磷量施入磷肥P1(75 kg.hm-2)、P2(180 kg.hm-2)为处理,以期为旱地小麦稳产优质提供理论基础。结果表明,相同磷肥条件下,W1和W2处理的灌浆持续时间、渐增期持续时间高于W3处理。相同底墒条件下,渐增期和快增期籽粒增加质量和持续时间是P2>P1,缓增期的增加质量和持续时间是P1>P2,可见,底墒和磷肥提高快增期的持续时间,增加底墒提高灌浆持续时间,增施磷肥减少缓增期持续时间。水(磷)肥方程,在底墒250.57 mm产量和蛋白质含量最高,将底墒250.57代回产量和蛋白质含量方程,得到一次函数中：截距表示不施磷肥产量达4938 kg.hm-2、蛋白质含量达134 mg.g-1,斜率4.05(产量)、0.0002(蛋白质含量)表示随磷肥的增加产量和蛋白质含量随之增加,且磷肥对产量的影响大于蛋白质含量。找到山西省南部旱地小麦因墒施磷途径,既保证其籽粒产量和蛋白质,又降低肥料成本投入。 |
| 关键词: 旱地冬小麦;底墒;磷肥;灌浆;蛋白质含量 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:S512.01 |
| 基金项目:国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项经费(CARS-03-01-24)；国家自然科学基金(31771727)；山西省回国留学人员科研资助项目(2017-068)；作物生态与旱作栽培生理山西省重点实验室(201705D111007)；小麦旱作栽培山西省重点创新团队项目(201605D131041)。收稿时期： ,孙敏,林文,高志强,杨珍平,郝兴宇 |
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| Effects of Water and Phosphate Fertilizers on Yield and Quality of Dryland Winter Wheat |
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yuanyaqi1, sunmin2, linwen2, gaozhiqiang3, yangzhenping4, haoxingyu5
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1.shanxi agriculture university;2.hanxi agriculture university;3.slwrdewy@163.com;4.gaozhiqiang1964@126.com;5.yangzp.2@163.com
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| Abstract: |
| In order to analyze the response of wheat yield and quality to soil moisture and phosphorus fertilizer in Dryland on the Loess Plateau, a field experiment was conducted in southern Shanxi Province. There were two factors in the experiment, the first factor was soil moisture in 0-100cm soil layer, including three levels as W1 (248 mm), W2 (233 mm), W3 (205 mm). The other factor was phosphorus fertilizer rate which inculeds P1 (75 kg.hm-2), P2 (180 kg.hm-2). The results showed that under the same bottom conditions, the grain quality and duration of the increasing and fast increasing periods were P2>P1, and the increasing quality and duration of the slow increasing period were P1>P2. It can be seen that the bottom and the phosphate fertilizer increased rapidly. For the duration, increase the bottom sputum to increase the duration of grouting, and increase the application of phosphate fertilizer to reduce the duration of the gradual increase period. With the increase of the growth period and the duration of the rapid increase period, the application of phosphate fertilizer reduced the duration of the slow increase period. The water (phosphorus) fertilizer equation has the highest yield and protein content at the bottom of 250.57 mm, and the bottom enthalpy of 250.57 is returned to the yield and protein content equation, which is obtained as a function: the intercept indicates that the yield of non-phosphorus fertilizer is 4938 kg.hm-2, protein content. Up to 134 mg.g-1; the slope of 4.05 (yield) and 0.0002 (protein content) indicate that the yield and protein content increase with the increase of phosphate fertilizer, and the effect of phosphate fertilizer on yield is greater than the protein content.Finding the way to apply phosphorus in dryland wheat in the southern part of Shanxi Province not only ensures grain yield and protein, but also reduces fertilizer cost. |
| Key words: dryland winter wheat; bottom sorghum; phosphate fertilizer; grouting; protein content |
