| 引用本文: | 臧小平,井 涛,王安邦,等.滴灌施磷对香蕉产量、磷肥利用效率及经济效益的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
| zangxiaoping,JING Tao,WANG An-bang,et al.滴灌施磷对香蕉产量、磷肥利用效率及经济效益的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
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| 滴灌施磷对香蕉产量、磷肥利用效率及经济效益的影响 |
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臧小平1, 井 涛1, 王安邦1, 王甲水1, 王尉2, 李敬阳1, 许奕1, 马蔚红1, 谢江辉2
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1.中国热带农业科学院海口实验站;2.中国热带农业科学院热带生物技术研究所
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】我国磷肥利用率普遍偏低，研究磷素资源高效利用具有重要意义。水肥一体化以水施磷是满足作物磷素营养、减少磷的固定及提高磷肥利用效率的有效途径。本文研究分析了滴灌施2种水溶性磷肥对香蕉果实产量、养分吸收利用及经济效益的影响，探索滴施磷肥在集约化香蕉种植模式下的应用效果，为香蕉科学合理施肥提供技术支持。【方法】采用田间试验方法，设置不施磷（CK）、磷酸一铵(T1)、聚磷酸铵(T2)3个处理。研究了滴灌施用不同磷肥对香蕉产量、磷肥利用率及经济效益的影响。【结果】滴灌水肥一体化条件下，施磷处理可显著提高香蕉的假茎围、青叶数、叶长(P<0.05)，T1处理香蕉产量达51681kg/hm2，比CK和T2分别提高了13.6%、4.5%；施磷处理收获期植株吸P量比CK分别提高了73.4%、64.7%；T1、T2处理磷肥利用率、磷肥生理利用率分别为19.3%、17.0%和141.4kg/kg、102.5kg/kg，T1处理较T2处理分别提高2.3个百分点、38.9kg/kg；T1、T2处理磷肥农学效率、磷肥偏生产力分别为27.4kg/kg、17.5kg/kg和228.7kg/kg、218.7kg/kg，T1处理较T2处理分别提高9.9kg/kg和10.0kg/kg。T1处理纯收益为109974元/hm2，较T2处理增加13.7%，产出投入比由1.96:1上升到2.13:1。【结论】通过水肥一体化随水分次滴施磷酸一铵可促进香蕉对磷素的吸收并提高产量。提高酸性土壤香蕉对磷肥的吸收利用效率，磷肥利用率可达19.3%。 |
| 关键词: 滴灌；香蕉；水溶性磷肥；产量；磷肥利用率 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:S147.3 |
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| Effects of Phosphorus on Yield, Phosphorus Fertilizer Use Efficiency and Economic Benefit of Banana under Drip Irrigation |
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zangxiaoping1, JING Tao1, WANG An-bang1, WANG Jia-shui1, WANG Wei2, LI Jing-yang1, XU Yi1, MA Wei-hong1, XIE Jiang-hui2
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1.HaiKou Experimental Station, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agriculture Sciences;2.Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agriculture Sciences
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】 Low phosphorus (P) use efficiency is a hard issue in China. Water coupling with P fertilizer application is an effective way of improving P resources efficiency as well as decreasing soil P fixation in acidic soil. However, more information is needed about how to improve P ultilization dfficiency in drip irragated fields. The objective this field study was to compare the effect of different P fertilizers on drip-irrigated banana yield and P ultilization. 【Method】The experiment included three treatments: (i) no P fertilizer, (ii) P2O5 226 kg/hm2 of solid monoammonium phosphate (MAP) topdressed (T1), (iii) P2O5 226 kg/hm2 of liquid ammonium polyphosphate (APP) topdressed (T2). 【Result】The yield was 51681 kg/hm2 in the T1 treatment, 13.6% higher than in the CK and 4.5% higher in the T2 treatment. The pseudostem girth, leaf number, leaf length and the amount of P absorption in the P fertilizer treatments were higher than in the CK (P<0.05). The apparent recovery efficiency of the P fertilizer (REP) was 19.3% in the T1 treatment and 17.0% in the T2 treatment. The T1 treatment increased REP by 2.3 percentage points compared with the T1. The physiological efficiency of the P fertilizer (PEP) for T1, T2 was 141.4 kg/kg and 102.5 kg/kg respectively. The T1 treatment increased PEP by 38.9 kg/kg compareed with the T2 treatment. The agronomic efficiency of the P fertilizer (AEP) for T1, T2 was 27.4 kg/kg and 17.5kg/kg . The T1 treatment increased AEP by 9.9 kg/kg compared with the T2 treatment. The partital factor productivity of the P fertilizer (PFPP) for T1, T2 was 228.7 kg/kg and 218.7 kg/kg. The T1 treatment increased PFPP by 10.0 kg/kg compared with the T2 treatment. The net income was 109974 yuan/hm2 in the T1 treatment, 13.7% higher than in the T2 treatment. and promote by intput-output ratio from 1.96:1 to 2.13:1 respectively.【Conclusion】Solid monoammonium phosphate topdressing with drip irrigation siginificantly improves the P nutrition and P fertilizer ultilization efficiency of banana, can be regarded as an efficient P fertilizer application strategy in acidic soil. |
| Key words: drip irrigation; banana; water-soluble phosphate fertilizer; yield; P ultilization efficiency |
