| 引用本文: | 温越,王振华,李文昊,等.调亏灌溉与施肥配比对滴灌葡萄生长、产量及品质的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
| wenyue,wangzhenhua,liwenhao,et al.调亏灌溉与施肥配比对滴灌葡萄生长、产量及品质的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
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| 调亏灌溉与施肥配比对滴灌葡萄生长、产量及品质的影响 |
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温越, 王振华, 李文昊, 丁宏伟, 邹杰, 陈睿, 张健利
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石河子大学
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探究极端干旱区（吐哈盆地）滴灌葡萄合理灌溉施肥制度。【方法】采用大田试验，进行二因素完全区组设计，分别在无核白葡萄新梢生长期、花期、浆果生长期和浆果成熟期进行调亏灌溉，并以全生育期充分灌溉为对照（分别标记为W1、W2、W3、W4、CK），设置施肥配比N:P2O5:K2O=1:1:1、2:2:3、2:1:2（分别标记为F1、F2、F3）且各处理全生育期施肥量均为825 kg/hm2，共计15个处理，研究水肥配比对葡萄生长指标、产量和品质的影响。【结果】在无核白葡萄浆果成熟期进行调亏灌溉，新梢长度、茎粗以及产量指标与充分灌溉相比无显著性差异，但可溶性固形物和还原性糖量较充分灌溉提高7.80%和5.61%，可滴定酸量降低22.19%。在同一灌水水平下，与当地施肥配比F3（N 330.0kg/hm2+P2O5 165.0kg/hm2+K2O 330.0 kg/hm2）相比，N:P2O5:K2O=2:2:3施肥处理的新梢长度、茎粗和产量分别提高5.48%、1.03%和3.95%，可溶性固形物和还原性糖量分别提高4.29%和9.90%，同时可滴定酸量降低8.72%。【结论】在浆果成熟期对无核白葡萄进行调亏灌溉，并采用F2施肥配比（N 235.7kg/hm2+P2O5 235.7kg/hm2+K2O 353.6 kg/hm2）时，极端干旱区滴灌葡萄能够有效达到节水增质的目的。 |
| 关键词: 极端干旱区;滴灌葡萄;调亏灌溉;施肥配比;产量;品质 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:S275.6; S663.1 |
| 基金项目:兵团节水灌溉试验计划项目( BTJSSY-201905)；兵团科技创新团队项目（2019CB004） |
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| Effects of Regulated Deficit Irrigation and Fertilization Proportion on Grape Growth, Yield and Quality under Drip Irrigation |
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wenyue, wangzhenhua, liwenhao, dinghongwei, zoujie, chenrui, zhangjianli
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Shihezi University
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| Abstract: |
| 【Background】 Irrigation is extensive in extreme arid areas, and fertilizer application is unreasonable.【Objective】 In order to explore the rational irrigation and fertilization system for drip irrigation grapes in extreme arid regions (Tuha Basin), the effects of water and fertilizer ratio on grape growth index, yield and quality were studied. 【Method】 The field experiment method was used to complete the two-factor test design of the ratio of irrigation and fertilization treatments. Seedless white grapes were regulated deficit irrigation during the shoot growth period, flowering period, berry growth period and berry mature period and full irrigation during the whole growth period was used as a control group (marked as W1, W2, W3, W4, CK, respectively), and the fertilizer ratio was set to N: P2O5: K2O = 1: 1: 1, 2: 2: 3, 2: 1: 2 (marked as F1, F2, F3, respectively) and the fertilization amount during the whole growth period of each treatment was 825 kg/hm2, a total of 15 treatments, and 3 repetitions.【Result】According to the analysis of the test data, the regulated deficit irrigation during the berry mature period showed no significant difference in the length of new shoots, stem thickness and yield compared with full irrigation, but the soluble solids and reducing sugar increased by 7.80% and 5.61% compared with full irrigation, and the amount of titrable acid is reduced by 22.19%.Under the same irrigation level, compared with the local fertilization ratio F3 (N 330.0 kg/hm2 + P2O5 165.0 kg/hm2 + K2O 330.0 kg/hm2), the new shoots length, stem diameter and yield of F2 treatment increased by 5.48%, 1.03% and 3.95%, soluble solids and reducing sugars increased by 4.29% and 9.90%, respectively, while the amount of titrable acid decreased by 8.72%.【Conclusion】When the seedless white grapes are regulated deficit irrigation during the berry mature period, and the fertilization ratio F2 (N 235.7 kg/hm2 + P2O5 235.7 kg/hm2 + K2O 353.6 kg/hm2）is used, drip irrigation of grapes in extreme arid areas can effectively achieve the purpose of saving water and improving quality. |
| Key words: seedless white grape; drip irrigation; regulated deficit irrigation; fertilization ratio; growth index; yield; quality |
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