| 引用本文: | 刘亚南,白美健,张宝忠,等.黄金梨树产量及水肥生产率对水氮耦合方案的响应分析[J].灌溉排水学报,2020,(10):-. |
| liuyanan,baimeijian,zhangbaozhong,et al.黄金梨树产量及水肥生产率对水氮耦合方案的响应分析[J].灌溉排水学报,2020,(10):-. |
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| 黄金梨树产量及水肥生产率对水氮耦合方案的响应分析 |
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刘亚南, 白美健, 张宝忠, 吴现兵, 史源
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中国水利水电科学研究院
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| 摘要: |
| 水肥耦合技术是提高水肥利用效率、稳产增产的重要技术手段,为探究不同水氮耦合方案对黄金梨树产量及水、氮肥生产率的影响,开展了田间小区水氮耦合试验。试验设定2因素3水平,即3个灌水下限(Hw：75 %Fc、Mw：65 %Fc、Lw：55 %Fc),3个施氮水平：Hf：486 kg N hm-2、Mf：324 kg N hm-2、Lf：162 kg N hm-2),共计9个水氮耦合方案：低水高肥(LwHf)、低水中肥(LwMf)、低水低肥(LwLf)、中水高肥(MwHf)、中水中肥(MwMf)、中水低肥(MwLf)、高水高肥(HwHf)高水中肥(HwMf)、高水低肥(HwLf),以及常规处理(CK)。结果表明：灌水量和施氮量对产量、灌溉水分生产率和肥料偏生产力指标值的影响显著,但不同指标响应规律不完全一致；产量和灌溉水分生产率随施氮量呈单调递增规律、但随灌水量呈双曲趋势,适宜灌水量以下(本研究得适宜值60 m3/亩左右)递增,以上递减；肥料偏生产力随施氮量呈单调递减,受灌水量的影响相对较小,适宜灌水量值以下单调递增,以上影响不明显。在实际生产中选择适宜的水肥管理方案时需要兼顾产量,环境等多目标的需求。基于本试验(京津冀地区)所得产量、灌溉水分生产率和肥料偏生产力对水氮施用量的响应规律,综合梨果产量、灌溉水分生产率和肥料偏生产力分析对比结果,当施氮量为300kg N hm-2左右和灌水量为60 m3/亩左右时,各指标值均能处于相对高的水平。 |
| 关键词: 滴灌、水氮耦合、黄金梨树、产量、灌溉水分生产率、肥料偏生产力 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:S275.6 |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0401403)；国家自然科学(51822907) |
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| Study on response of yield and water and fertilizer use efficiency of golden pear to water and fertilizer coupling schemes |
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liuyanan, baimeijian, zhangbaozhong, wuxianbing, shiyuan
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China institute of water resource and Hydropower research
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| Abstract: |
| Water and fertilizer coupling technology is an important technical means to improve water and fertilizer utilization efficiency, stabilize and increase production. In order to explore the effects of different water and nitrogen coupling schemes on the yield of golden pear trees and water and nitrogen fertilizer productivity, a water and nitrogen coupling experiment in field plots was conducted. The test set two factors and three levels, that is, three irrigation limits (Hw: 75% Fc, Mw: 65% Fc, Lw: 55% Fc), three nitrogen application levels: Hf: 486 kg N hm-2, Mf: 324 kg N hm-2, Lf: 162 kg N hm-2), a total of 9 water and nitrogen coupling schemes: low water and high fertilizer (LwHf), low water (LwMf), low water and low fertilizer (LwLf), medium water High fertilizer (MwHf), medium water fertilizer (MwMf), low water fertilizer (MwLf), high water high fertilizer (HwHf), high water fertilizer (HwMf), high water low fertilizer (HwLf), and conventional treatment (CK). The results showed that the irrigation and nitrogen application rates had significant effects on the values of yield, irrigation water productivity, and partial productivity of fertilizers, but the response laws of different indicators were not completely consistent. Yield and irrigation water productivity increased monotonically with the nitrogen application rate, but with the irrigation amount showed a hyperbolic trend, and the suitable irrigation amount increased below (the appropriate value in this study was about 60 m3 / mu), and the above decreased. The fertilizer partial productivity decreased monotonically with the nitrogen application rate, and was relatively less affected by the irrigation amount. It is suitable for irrigation. The magnitude is monotonically increasing below, and the above effects are not obvious. When selecting an appropriate water and fertilizer management plan in actual production, it is necessary to consider the needs of multiple targets such as output and environment. Based on the response of yield, irrigation water productivity and partial productivity of fertilizers to water and nitrogen application in this experiment (Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region), comprehensive analysis and comparison results of pear fruit yield, irrigation water productivity and partial productivity of fertilizers were applied. When N application is around 300 kg hm-2 and the irrigation volume is about 60 m3 / mu, each index value can be at a relatively high level. |
| Key words: drip;irrigation, water;and fertilizer;coupling, golden;pear tree, yield, water;use efficiency, fertilizer;partial productivity |
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