| 引用本文: | 温志豪。,曾路生,郑文魁.不同灌溉方式配合秸秆还田对设施蔬菜地土壤性质的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,,():-. |
| WEN Zhi-hao,ZENG Lu-sheng,ZHENG Wen-kui.不同灌溉方式配合秸秆还田对设施蔬菜地土壤性质的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,,():-. |
|
| 摘要: |
| 随着我国设施农业种植年限、集约化程度和复种指数的不断提高,我国设施农业出现了严重的土壤板结、土壤盐渍化、和化肥面源污染等问题,对我国商品蔬菜的可持续发展产生了严重威胁。研究发现,合理施用有机物料和配合合理的灌溉方式才能有效的改良土壤的物理化学性质。本文通过田间试验研究了滴灌和畦灌两种灌溉方式下施用秸秆有机物料(有机肥、有机肥+玉米秸秆、有机肥+小麦秸秆)对土壤团聚体、酶活性及微生物量的影响。来验证在不同灌溉方式下施用不同秸秆对土壤团聚体和微生物的具体影响。结果表明,秸秆与有机肥配施能显著降低土壤容重,并显著提高了土壤总孔隙度、毛管孔度和非毛管孔度的分布。滴灌条件下施用玉米秸秆更容易促进土壤形成>0.25mm的大粒径团聚体,在畦灌条件下施用小麦秸秆更容易使土壤形成>0.25mm的大粒径团聚体。施用玉米秸秆的土壤电导率、碱解氮和速效钾含量明显比施用小麦秸秆更高,但施用小麦秸秆的土壤速效磷和有机质含量比施用玉米秸秆更高。施用玉米秸秆的土壤脲酶活性明显高于施用小麦秸秆。然而施用小麦秸秆处理的土壤磷酸酶、蔗糖酶明显高于施用玉米秸秆处理。 |
| 关键词: 秸秆还田;灌溉方式;土壤团聚体;土壤微生物;设施蔬菜 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:S157.6 |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0200604) |
|
| Effects of straw returned combined with different irrigation methods on soil aggregates and microorganisms in greenhouse vegetable soil |
|
WEN Zhi-hao,ZENG Lu-sheng,ZHENG Wen-kui
|
|
1.National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources,College of Resources and Environment,Shandong Agricultural University,Tai an;2.College of resources and environment,Qingdao agricultural university
|
| Abstract: |
| With the continuous improvement of planting time, intensification degree and multiple cropping index of China"s facility agriculture, serious problems such as soil hardening, soil salinization and non-point source pollution of chemical fertilizers have emerged in China"s facility agriculture, which poses a serious threat to the development of China"s commercial vegetables. It is found that only reasonable application of organic materials and reasonable irrigation methods can effectively improve the physical and chemical properties of soil. In this paper, the effects of different organic materials (organic fertilizer + maize straw + wheat straw) on soil aggregate enzyme activity and microbial biomass were studied through field experiments under drip irrigation and border irrigation. The results showed that straw combined with organic fertilizer could significantly reduce soil bulk density, and significantly improve the distribution of soil total porosity, capillary porosity and non-capillary porosity. The application of corn straw under drip irrigation is more likely to promote the formation of >0.25mm large-grain aggregates in the soil, and the application of wheat straw under furrow irrigation is easier to form >0.25mm large-grain aggregates in the soil. The content of soil conductivity, alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen and available potassium was significantly higher than that of wheat straw, but the content of available phosphorus and organic matter in soil was higher than that of corn straw. The urease activity of soil treated with corn straw was significantly higher than that treated with wheat straw. However, the soil phosphatase and sucrase treated with wheat straw were significantly higher than those treated with corn straw. |
| Key words: Straw returning; Irrigation method ; Soil aggregates; Soil microorganism;Greenhouse vegetable |
