| 引用本文: | 姚妮尔,彭祚登,李春兰,等.土壤水分对核桃楸幼苗生长和生理特性的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2020,(Z1):-. |
| YAO Nier,PENG Zuodeng,LI Chumlan,et al.土壤水分对核桃楸幼苗生长和生理特性的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2020,(Z1):-. |
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| 摘要: |
| 摘 要：【目的】探究不同土壤水分对核桃楸幼苗生长和生理特性的影响，为确定其苗期合理的灌溉含量、实现节水栽培提供理论依据。【方法】以2年生核桃楸幼苗为研究对象，采用盆栽控水法，设置4个水分处理，下限:分别为田间持水量的80-85%（T1）、70-75%（T2）、60-65%（T3）、40-45%（T4），对核桃楸幼苗的主要生理性状和形态指标进行定期监测。【结果】从生长指标可见，随土壤含水含量量含水率降低，核桃楸幼苗的地径、苗高和冠幅生长缓慢，且显著抑制了冠幅的生长（P＜0.05）。土壤含水含量量含水率对幼苗生长指标影响由大到小的顺序依次为：冠幅、苗高、地径，处理60 d时T1处理的冠幅增含量量较T4处理高了138.05%。从生理指标可见，随土壤含水含量量含水率 降低，核桃楸幼苗的丙二醛（MDA）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和过氧化物酶(POD)活性均逐渐上升，叶绿素总含量量逐渐减少；随土壤水分处理时间的延长，SOD、CAT、POD活性和叶绿素总含量量呈现先上升后下降趋势，可溶性糖和MDA含量量逐渐上升。处理前期（15 d），T4处理的MDA含量量迅速增加。与T3和T4处理相比，T1和T2处理的3种保护酶活性稳定地维持在较高水平。【结论】当土壤含水量含水率为田间持水量的70-75%和80-85%时，核桃楸幼苗生长及生理状态良好。因此，核桃楸育苗时可将灌水下限控制在田间持水量的70-75%以达到节水栽培的目的。 |
| 关键词: 核桃楸，土壤含水率，抗氧化酶，可溶性糖，生长指标 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:S792 |
| 基金项目:北京市园林绿化局项目“北京园林绿化增彩延绿植物资源收集、快繁与应用技术研究”(GEG-2016-01)；“十三五”国家重点研发计划项目“刺槐速生建筑材林高效培育技术研究”(2017YFD0600503)” |
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| Effects of soil water on the growth and physiological characteristics of Juglans mandshurica seedlings |
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YAO Nier1, PENG Zuodeng1, LI Chumlan2, LIU Yong1
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1.Beijing Forestry University;2.Beijing Dadongliu Nursery
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| Abstract: |
| Abstract: 【Background】 In recent years, the temperature in different parts of China has increased in different levels under the influence of the global greenhouse effect. Meanwhile, the uneven distribution of water resources in time and space aggravates the situation of drought and water shortage in China, especially in the arid and semi-arid areas. Water efficiency and water saving cultivation are particularly important in forestry production for the increasing shortage of water resources. The growth, ecological distribution and physiological and biochemical processes of trees are affected by water which plays a critical role in these aspects. And unstable soil moisture can have a negative impact on trees.It is possible for trees to adopt crop management in nursery. However, due to the unclear understanding of water demand characteristics of nursery trees, water resources are wasted, which also becomes an important factor of nursery cost and excessive consumption of resources. Therefore, it is of great significance to analyze the growth and physiological response mechanism of different tree seedlings under soil water for scientific management of water content of trees at seedling stage. Juglans mandshurica ,one of the three hardwood and broad-leaved tree species in Northeast China, likes humid and fertile humus, and mainly are distributed in Northeast and North China. Affected by the greenhouse effect, the annual rainfall in these areas is less and unevenly distributed, and the shortage of water resources has become an important factor restricting the growth of Juglans mandshurica.【Objective】The purpose of this paper is to explore the effects of soil water content on the growth and physiological characteristics of Juglans mandshurica seedlings to control soil water content, which provides theoretical basis for determining the reasonable irrigation amount and realizing water-saving cultivation.【Method】Two-year seedlings of Juglans mandshurica were used as research objects to monitor regularly its physiological and morphological indexes under four water treatments(80-85% (T1), 70-75% (T2), 60-65% (T3), 40-45% (T4)) by using pot weighing to control low limit of soil water content.【Result】The growth indexes showed that with the decrease of soil water content, the growth of ground diameter、height and crown of Juglans mandshurica seedlings was slow, and the growth of crown was significantly inhibited (P < 0.05). The order of the influence of soil moisture content on seedlings was crown、seedling height and ground diameter, and the crown increment of T1 treatment was 138.05% higher than that of T4 treatment at 60d . Analysis of physiological indexes showed that：with the decreasing of soil water content, the content of malondialdehyde (MDA)、superoxide dismutase (SOD) 、catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) activity gradually increased, but the total chlorophyll content was gradually decreasing. With the increasing of treatment time, the activity of SOD 、CAT 、POD and the total content of chlorophyll increased first and then decreased and the content of soluble sugar and MDA increased gradually increased. In the early period of treatment (15 days), the MDA content of T4 increased sharply. During the experiment, compared with T3 and T4, the activities of T1 and T2 protective enzymes were stable at a higher level.【Conclusion】 When soil moisture content is 70-75% and 80-85% of the field water capacity, the growth and physiological state of Juglans mandshurica seedlings are good. Therefore, the lower limit of irrigation water can be controlled at 70-75% of the field water capacity in order to achieve the purpose of water-saving cultivation.
Keywords：Juglans mandshurica;soil moisture content;antioxidant enzymes; soluble sugar;growth index |
| Key words: Juglans mandshurica;soil moisture content;antioxidant enzymes; soluble sugar;growth index |
