| 引用本文: | 司瑞,刘冰,朱钊岑,等.西北干旱区甜高粱种植较优水肥配比模式研究[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
| si rui,liu bing,zhu zhao cen,et al.西北干旱区甜高粱种植较优水肥配比模式研究[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
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| 西北干旱区甜高粱种植较优水肥配比模式研究 |
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司瑞, 刘冰, 朱钊岑, 刘婵, 赵颖
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中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 中国生态系统研究网络临泽内陆河流域研究站 中国科学院内陆河流域生态水文重点实验室 兰州
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】为探讨在高产、节水节肥、高经济效益前提下适合西北干旱区甜高粱种植的较优的水肥配比模式。【方法】以河西走廊边缘绿洲区为研究区, 通过农田小区随机区组试验, 基于3个灌溉梯度和3个施肥梯度的水肥互交处理方式共计9种水肥组合, 分析不同水肥处理模式对甜高粱生理性状、生物量干重、水肥利用效率和经济效益的影响。【结果】1) 在河西走廊边缘绿洲区, 灌溉量对甜高粱株高、茎粗和生物量干重的影响不显著, 但施肥量对上述指标影响显著, 且水肥交互作用对株高和生物量干重影响显著；2) 在灌溉量为6 000 m3.hm-2, 施肥量为750 kg.hm-2处理下, 株高、茎粗、生物量干重和灌溉水生产力均最大(333.11 cm、29.35 t.hm-2、22.63 mm和3.80 kg.m-3), 且分别比其均值提高20.10%、7.37%、27.33%和48.43%；3) 甜高粱纯收益和节水效益均以6 000 m3.hm-2灌水量最高(11 720.42元.hm-2和1 451.32元.hm-2), 分别比其均值提高14.37%和35.10%；4) 除甜高粱茎秆汁液糖锤度外, 株高、茎粗、节间数、叶片数、叶片干重、茎秆干重、穗干重和出汁率与生物量干重呈正相关, 且茎粗、株高、叶片数和茎秆干重对生物量干重的贡献率高于其它生理性状。【结论】在灌溉量为6 000 m3.hm-2, 施肥量为750 kg.hm-2处理下, 株高、茎粗、生物量干重和灌溉水生产力均显著地高于其它水肥处理,可为西北干旱区甜高粱种植科学的水肥配比模式。同时, 注重茎粗、株高、叶片数和茎秆干重的栽培, 并协调其它生理性状共同促进甜高粱生物量的提升。 |
| 关键词: 甜高粱;生理性状;生物量干重;灌溉水生产力;肥料偏生产力;节水效益 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:S566.9 |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划专题项目(2017YFC0504305-01);国家自然科学基金面上项目(41771038) |
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| Study on Optimal Water and Fertilizer Proportioning Model of Sweet Sorghum Planting in Arid Area of Northwest China |
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si rui, liu bing, zhu zhao cen, liu chan, zhao ying
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Linze Inland River Basin Research Station,Chinese Ecosystem Network Research,Key Laboratory of Ecohydrology of Inland River Basin,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Under the premise of high yield, water and fertilizer saving, and high economic benefits, a better water and fertilizer ratio model suitable for sweet sorghum planting in arid regions of Northwest China is discussed. 【Method】Taking the oasis area on the edge of the Hexi Corridor as a research area, through random block experiments of farmland plots, a total of 9 types of water and fertilizer combinations based on the three irrigation gradients and 3 fertilization gradients were used to analyze the agronomic characteristics of sweet sorghum in different water and fertilizer treatment modes. The effects of dry weight of biomass, water and fertilizer utilization efficiency and economic benefits are discussed. 【Result】1) In the oasis area on the edge of the Hexi Corridor, the amount of irrigation had no significant effect on the plant height, stem thickness, and biomass dry weight of sweet sorghum, but the amount of fertilizer applied had significant effects on the above indicators, and the interaction between water and fertilizer on plant height and Biomass dry weight has a significant effect; 2) Plant height, stem diameter, biomass dry weight, and irrigation water productivity are the highest under the treatment of 6 000 m3.hm-2 and fertilizer application of 750 kg.hm-2 (333.11 cm, 29.35 t.hm-2, 22.63 mm, and 3.80 kg.m-3), which are 20.10%, 7.37%, 27.33%, and 48.43% higher than their averages, respectively; 3) Both pure sorghum net income and water-saving benefits The highest irrigation amount of 6 000 m3hm-2 (1 1720.42 Yuan.hm-2 and 1 451.32 Yuan.hm-2), which are 14.37% and 35.10% higher than their average values, respectively; 4) In addition, plant height, stem thickness, internode number, leaf number, leaf dry weight, stem dry weight, ear dry weight and juice yield are positively related to biomass dry weight, and stem thickness, plant height, leaf number and stem The contribution of dry straw weight to biomass dry weight is higher than other agronomic traits. 【Conclusion】The irrigation amount is 6 000 m3.hm-2, and the fertilization amount is 750 kg.hm-2. Next, plant height, stem diameter, dry biomass and irrigation water productivity were significantly higher than other fertilizer treatments, it can be planted as a scientific model of water and fertilizer ratio of sweet sorghum northwest arid area. At the same time, attention should be paid to the cultivation of stem thickness, plant height, leaf number and stem dry weight, and coordination of other agronomic traits to promote the improvement of sweet sorghum biomass. |
| Key words: Sweet sorghum; Agronomic traits; Biomass dry weight; Irrigation water productivity; Partial fertilizer productivity; Water saving benefits |
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