| 引用本文: | 孙莉英,栗清亚,裴亮,等.赣南坡地果园水土保持示范区地形因子对土壤理化性质和植物种类的影响研究[J].灌溉排水学报,2020,(10):-. |
| SUN Li-ying,LI Qing-ya,PEI Liang,et al.赣南坡地果园水土保持示范区地形因子对土壤理化性质和植物种类的影响研究[J].灌溉排水学报,2020,(10):-. |
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| 摘要: |
| 土壤性质和植被是土壤侵蚀重要的影响因子。以南方红壤区丘陵坡地果园为研究区域，进行坡度、坡向、坡位等地形因素对土壤理化性质和植物种类数量的影响研究。采用五点采样法进行土壤采样，利用样方法开展植被调查。研究发现：（1）不同坡度等级下土壤含水量变化趋势为5-10°> 10-15°> 15-25°> 0-5°，在0-5o坡度等级下土壤含水量最低为18.6%。土壤总氮（TN）、总磷（TP）、总钾（TK）、有机质（TOC）含量随坡度和坡向变化无显著性差异。土壤TN, TK和土壤含水量在不同坡位处无显著性差异，TP和TOC随坡位的下降而增加。（2）研究区内共有植物183种，植物种类数随坡度、坡向和坡位变化呈显著差异。植物种类数随坡度变化趋势为0-5°>10-15°>15-25°>5-10°；随坡向变化趋势为阳坡多于阴坡；随坡位变化趋势为山坡>山顶，坡中>坡上>坡下。结果表明，地形因子对南方红壤丘陵区土壤性质和植被种类有一定的影响，因而在南方丘陵坡地果园精细开发及进行水保措施空间配置时应充分考虑地形因素的影响，从而提高果园经济收入和水保措施的综合效益。 |
| 关键词: 水土保持；植被调查；土壤采样；坡度；坡向；坡位 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:S715 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（面上项目，重点项目，重大项目）,国家重点基础研究发展计划（973计划） |
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| Effects of topographic factors on soil physical and chemical properties and plant species in hillslope orchard of soil and water conservation demonstration area in southern Jiangxi Province |
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SUN Li-ying1, LI Qing-ya1, PEI Liang1, Wu Hui2, CHEN La-jiao3
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1.Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS;2.Zhejiang Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Smart Cities;3.Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth
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| Abstract: |
| Soil properties and vegetation are important factors affecting soil erosion. Taking hilly orchard in the red soil region of southern China as the research area, the impacts of topographic factors, such as slope gradient, slope direction and slope position, on soil physical and chemical properties and the number of plant species were studied. Soil sampling was carried out by five-point sampling method and vegetation survey was carried out by quadrat method. The results showed that: (1) The change trend of soil moisture content at different slope grades was 5-10° > 10-15° > 15-25° > 0-5°, and the lowest soil moisture content is 18.6% in 0-5o area. With the change of both slope gradient and direction, soil total nitrogen content (TN), total potassium (TK), total phosphorus (TP) and total organic carbon (TOC) showed no significant differences. There were no significant differences in TN, TK and soil moisture content at different slope positions. The contents of TP and TOC increased in lower slope positions. (2) there were 183 species of plants in the study area, and the number of plant species showed significant differences with slope gradient, slope direction and slope position. The variation trend of the number of plant species with slope gradient was 0-5° > 10-15° > 15-25° > 5-10°. With the change of slope direction, the number of plant species on the sunny slope was much higher than that on the shady slope. The change trend of the number of plant species was lower on the top slopes, with the order of middle slope> up slope > down slope. All these results demonstrated that the topographic factors have certain influences on the soil properties and plant species in the hilly area of the red soil region in south China. Therefore, the influence of topographic factors should be taken into full consideration in the careful development of orchards and the spatial allocation of water conservation measures in hilly red soil region of southern China, for the higher economic income and the comprehensive benefits of water conservation measures. |
| Key words: soil and water conservation;demonstration area; vegetation survey; soil sampling; slope; aspect |
