| 引用本文: | .陕北盐碱土种植水稻土壤理化性质和作物产量研究[J].灌溉排水学报,,():-. |
| .陕北盐碱土种植水稻土壤理化性质和作物产量研究[J].灌溉排水学报,,():-. |
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| 陕北盐碱土种植水稻土壤理化性质和作物产量研究 |
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| 摘要: |
| 定边县部分盐碱地地下水位常年普遍较高,旱地作物无法生长,但其水热资源丰富,满足水稻生长基本条件,培育和筛选适宜在陕北地区盐碱地种植的水稻品种,对于陕北地区盐碱地利用和生态环境改善有着重要意义。本研究设置4个处理：T1处理(隆优619)、T2处理(宁靖28)、T3处理(东稻4号)以及T4处理(水稻FL478),均采用井水作为灌溉水源,在定边县堆子梁镇营盘梁村开展大田试验,研究不同品种水稻种植对盐碱土壤理化性质、养分、水稻生长状况以及产量的影响,结果表明：与种植水稻前相比,各处理土壤pH值均有不同程度的降低(P＜0.05),种植水稻能极显著降低土壤含盐量(P＜0.01),整体来看,种植水稻后,T1、T2和T3处理促进了粘粒含量和粉粒含量的提高,而T4处理粘粒含量最低,砂粒含量最高。各处理土壤有机质含量和全氮含量均有不同程度的提高(P＜0.01),但有效磷和速效钾含量显著降低(P＜0.05)。种植水稻后,T1、T2、T3和T4处理土壤耕作层有机质含量分别较种植水稻前分别提高219.87%、398.34%、218.91%和-3.37%,全氮含量分别提高150.0%、300.0%、160.71%和29.23%。综合来看,T2处理土壤有机质含量、全氮含量以及速效钾含量均为最大,对盐碱地土壤养分的保存效果最好。各处理对水稻株高生长和每平方米穗数影响显著(P＜0.05),对盐碱地种植水稻百粒重和亩产量达到极显著水平(P＜0.01),T1处理分别较T2、T3和T4处理提高了4.96%、42.78%和161.64%。综上所述,T2处理对土壤养分的保存效果最好,而T1处理产量最高,是较为适宜在陕北盐碱地种植的水稻品种,根据研究情况来看,需要适当增施肥料以促进土壤有效磷和速效钾的提高。该研究结果对于陕北地区盐碱地利用和生态环境改善有着重要意义。 |
| 关键词: 盐碱地;水稻种植;理化性质;产量 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:S156.4 |
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| Physicochemical Properties and Crop Yield of Rice Planted on Saline-Alkali Soil in Northern Shaanxi |
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| Abstract: |
| The groundwater level in some saline-alkali land in Dingbian County is generally high all year round, and dryland crops cannot grow, but its rich hydrothermal resources meet the basic conditions for rice growth. Cultivate and screen rice varieties suitable for saline-alkali land cultivation in northern Shaanxi. And ecological environment improvement is of great significance. This study set four treatments: T1 treatment (Longyou 619), T2 treatment (Ningjing 28), T3 treatment (Dongdao No.4), and T4 treatment (Rice FL478), all of which used well water as the irrigation water source in Dingbian County Field experiments were carried out in Yingpanliang Village, Duiziliang Town to study the effects of different rice varieties planting on the physicochemical properties, nutrients, rice growth status, and yield of saline-alkali soils. The results showed that compared with the rice before planting, the pH values ??of all treated soils were similar. Reduced to varying degrees (P<0.05), planting rice can significantly reduce soil salinity (P<0.01). Overall, after planting rice, T1, T2, and T3 treatments promoted the increase in clay content and grain content. Increase, while T4 treatment has the lowest clay content and the highest sand content. The organic matter content and total nitrogen content of the treated soils were increased to varying degrees (P<0.01), but the available phosphorus and available potassium contents were significantly reduced (P<0.05). After planting rice, T1, T2, T3 and T4 treatments increased the organic matter content in the tillage layer of the soil by 219.87%, 398.34%, 218.91%, and -3.37%, and the total nitrogen content increased by 150.0%, 300.0%, and 160.71%, respectively. And 29.23%. Taken together, the soil organic matter content, total nitrogen content, and available potassium content of the T2 treatment were the largest, and the soil nutrient preservation effect in saline-alkali soil was the best. Each treatment had significant effects on rice plant height growth and number of ears per square meter (P<0.05). The 100-grain weight and acre yield of rice grown in saline-alkali land reached extremely significant levels (P<0.01). T1 treatments were higher than T2, T3, and T4, respectively. Processing increased by 4.96%, 42.78% and 161.64%. In summary, T2 treatment has the best effect on soil nutrient preservation, while T1 treatment has the highest yield. It is a rice variety that is more suitable for planting in saline soil in northern Shaanxi. According to the research situation, it is necessary to add fertilizers to promote soil available phosphorus. And increase in available potassium. The results of this study are of great significance for the use of saline land and the improvement of the ecological environment in northern Shaanxi. |
| Key words: Saline-alkali land; rice cultivation; physical and chemical properties; yield |
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