基于农业旱涝指标的湖北省棉花生育期内旱涝急转特征分析

高雅文; 邓可楠; 张月; 钱龙; 陈诚; 罗云英; 黄韬幸; 陈丽娟

引用本文:	高雅文,邓可楠,张月,等.基于农业旱涝指标的湖北省棉花生育期内旱涝急转特征分析[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-.
	GAO ya-wen,DENG Ke-nan,ZHANG Yue,et al.基于农业旱涝指标的湖北省棉花生育期内旱涝急转特征分析[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-.

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基于农业旱涝指标的湖北省棉花生育期内旱涝急转特征分析
高雅文¹, 邓可楠¹, 张月¹, 钱龙², 陈诚³, 罗云英⁴, 黄韬幸⁵, 陈丽娟⁶
1.武汉大学水利水电学院;2.中山大学;3.扬州大学水利科学与工程学院;4.暨南大学环境学院;5.中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司;6.湖北水利水电职业技术学院

摘要:

【目的】揭示湖北省棉花不同生育期内旱涝急转事件的时空演变规律，为减灾保产提供依据。【方法】基于日尺度标准化前期降水蒸散指数SAPEI（Standardized Antecedent Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index）对农业旱涝急转事件进行日尺度判定，并利用湖北省26个气象站的逐日气象资料对湖北省1961-2019年内棉花不同生育期的旱涝急转事件进行时空规律分析。【结果】SAPEI指标适用于描述湖北省棉田的水分状况并可用于旱涝急转规律研究。在棉花全生育期内，旱转涝累计强度约为涝转旱累计强度的5倍。花铃期内棉花遭受旱涝急转的次数最多且单次平均强度最大；蕾期旱涝急转次数少但每次强度较大；吐絮期旱涝急转强度低而次数偏多。就旱涝急转多发区而言，湖北棉花旱涝急转灾害主要集中在鄂西北和洪湖地区，旱转涝和涝转旱均频发。此外，湖北省内棉田旱涝急转事件在不同时代的差异较大，其中20世纪70年代旱涝急转强度最大，但自20世纪90年代以来，旱涝急转有发生范围变广、强度增加的趋势。【结论】湖北省内棉花旱涝急转灾害以旱转涝形式为主，主要发生在花铃期，具有频率高、强度大的特征，因此需重点关注花铃期内棉田发生旱转涝的风险，尤其是鄂西北和洪湖地区等地区更需注重。

关键词: 旱涝急转；标准化前期降水蒸散指数；棉花；湖北省；灌溉排水；干旱；涝渍

DOI：

分类号:S271

基金项目:国家自然科学(51909286)；中国博士后科学(2018M643308)；中央高校基本科研业务费(19lgpy255)

Analyzing the Variations of Drought and Flood Abrupt Alternation during Different Cotton Growth Stages in Hubei Province Using an Agro-meteorology Index

GAO ya-wen¹, DENG Ke-nan¹, ZHANG Yue¹, QIAN Long², CHEN Cheng³, LUO Yun-ying⁴, HUANG Tao-xing⁵, CHEN Li-juan⁶

1.School of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering, Wuhan University;2.School of Civil Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University;3.College of Water Resources Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University;4.School of Environment, Jinan University;5.Huadong Engineering Corporation Limited, Power China;6.Hubei Water Resources Technical college

Abstract:

[Objective] To investigate the spatial-temporal variations of drought and flood abrupt alternation (DFAA in short) at different growth stages of cotton in Hubei province and thus provide reference for water disaster prevention and control. [Methods]Assessing daily drought and flood conditions in fields using the SAPEI (Standardized Antecedent Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index) and then identifying individual DFAA events. Based on daily weather data from 26 weather stations in Hubei province, the spatial-temporal variations of DFAA events in Hubei from 1961 to 2019 were obtained. [Results] The SAPEI index is appropriate for describing the field moisture status and identifying DFAA events in Hubei Province. In regard of the entire cotton growth stage, the intensity of drought-flood alternation was approximately five times that of flood-drought alternation. At the flowering and boll-forming stage, cotton suffered DFAA the most times and were with the largest average stress intensity; at the budding stage, the frequency of DFAS was less but its intensity per event was relatively great; in comparison, at the boll-opening stage, DFAAs were with the lowest intensity but occurred more frequently. Northwest Hubei and Honghu area were DFAA-prone areas, where both drought-flood alternation and flood-drought alternation occurred frequently. As for various decades, the DFAA events were most severe during 1970s; in addition, since 1990s, DFAA events have tended to be more widespread and with stronger intensity. [Conclusion] The DFAA of cotton fields in Hubei are majorly drought-flood alternations, and most likely to occur at the flowering and boll-forming stage with high stress intensity. Thus, it is crucial to pay special attention to the drought-flood alternations during flowering and boll-forming stage in Hubei, especially for Northeastern Hubei and Honghu area.

Key words: drought and flood abrupt alternation; standardized antecedent precipitation evapotranspiration index (SAPEI); cotton; Hubei Province; irrigation and drainage; drought; waterlogging