| 摘要: |
| 摘要 ：【目的】探讨香蕉育苗期的耗水规律，制定科学合理的节水灌溉制度。【方法】以‘巴西蕉’一级组培苗为材料，以椰糠为育苗基质，采用盆栽法，设置6个不同的水分梯度试验：90%、80%、70%、60%、50%和40%，以100%相对含水量为对照，通过称重补水法进行补水和控水，测定不同处理试验苗在苗期的日耗水量和生长生理指标。【结果】结果1：不同控水条件下的试验苗在整个苗期内单株日耗水量均呈上升趋势，在生长后期趋于平稳。在生长前期（1-2片真叶），日耗水量以CK最高，为24.7 g·株-1·d-1，其次为90%处理，40%处理最低，为4 g·株-1·d-1；在生长中期（3-6片真叶），日耗水量以90%最高，为49.8 g·株-1·d-1，其次为CK处理，40%处理最低，为6.8 g·株-1·d-1；在生长后期（7-8片真叶），日耗水量以CK最高，为57.2 g·株-1·d-1，其次为90%处理，50%处理最低，为9.6 g·株-1·d-1。各处理水平下‘巴西蕉’试验苗苗期总耗水量大小顺序为：CK>90%>80%>70%=60%>50%>40%。结果2：地下部生长和根系的生长活跃度与基质相对含水量正相关，以80%和90%相对含水量最优；关于地上部生长，主成分分析的结果表明：在生长前期，70%相对含水量得分最高；在生长中期和后期，80%相对含水量处理的得分最高。结果3：建立了地上部与地下部异速生长模型（Y=0.1386·(x/r)0.7），拟合优度检验结果为R2=0.8076，F检验结果为：F>F0.01，P<0.01，模型的评价结果显示模型具有预测能力。【结论】香蕉苗期的最优节水灌溉制度为：在生长前期控制基质相对含水量为70%，中期和后期为80%;建立了不同控水条件下的地上部-地下部幂函数异速生长模型，可预测香蕉育苗期地下部分的生物量变化。 |
| 关键词: 香蕉；育苗期；节水灌溉；日耗水量；耗水规律 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:S-3 |
基金项目:广东省重点领域研发计划项目(2019B020214005)、广东省现代农业产业技术体系创新团队建设项目(优稀水果产业)(2019KJ116)。
|
|
| Study on Water-saving Irrigation Based on Water Consumption Rule of Banana in Seedling Stage |
|
Yao Jiaojiao, Wei Yuerong
|
|
Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences
|
| Abstract: |
| Abstract:【Background】At present, the extensive management pattern of great quantities of fertilizer and water is used in banana seedling stage in China, which results in serious water and fertilizer waste, high production costs, and uneven quality of the banana seedling, which cannot meet the needs of healthy and sustainable development of the banana industry.【Objective】The purpose of this study is to explore the law of water consumption of Mimosa nana Lour at the seedling stage through different matrix water gradient experiments, and measuring the physiological and growth indicators to construct a more scientific and reasonable water-saving irrigation strategy at different growth stages of the seedling stage.【Method】The material is the first tissue culture seedlings of Mimosa nana Lour. A potting experiment method was used in six relative water content gradients ,which is of 90%，80%，70%，60%，50% and 40%，the 100% relative water content is the control check, and controlled the relative water content by weighing. The growth and physiological indicators will be measured. 【Result】Result 1: The daily water consumption per plant under different water-controlling conditions increased during the whole seedling stage, and stabilized in the later growth period. In the early growth stage, the daily water consumption was highest at CK, which was 24.7 g, followed by 90% treatment, and the lowest was 40% treatment（4g）. In the middle growth period, the highest was 90% at 49.8 g, followed by CK treatment, and the lowest was 40% treatment (6.8g). In the later stage of growth, the daily water consumption was highest at CK (57.2 g), followed by 90% treatment, and 50% treatment was the lowest (9.6g). The rank of total water consumption was: CK> 90%> 80%> 70% = 60%> 50%> 40%. Result 2: For below-ground growth, the higher the relative water content treatment, the higher the growth activity of the root system, and the relative water content of 80% and 90% was the best. For above-ground growth, the results of principal component analysis showed that: In the early growth stage, the relative water content score of 70% was the highest, and CK ranked third. In the middle and late growth stages, the 80% relative water content treatment scored the highest, and CK ranked fourth and third, respectively. Result 3: The above-and-below ground allometric model was established（Y=0.1386·(x/r)0.7）. The test result of goodness of fit was R2 = 0.8076, and the test result of F-test was: F> F0.01, P <0.01, the model evaluation results showed that the model had predictive ability. 【Conclusion】 The selection of optimal relative water content for banana during the seedling stage is: In the early growth stage, control the relative water content at 70%, the middle and late stages are 80%, the above-and-below ground allometric growth model has been conducted and developed under different water-control conditions, and this model has the predictive power to predict the changes of root biomass. |
| Key words: Banana, seedling stage, water-saving irrigation，daily water consumption, water consumption rule |
