| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探究玉米产量和水分利用率的水肥耦合效应以及求出生育期最佳水肥方案。【方法】本文首先利用二元二次回归分析建立了玉米产量与水分利用率的水肥耦合模型，分析水、肥两因子的耦合效应；随后建立产量和水分利用率的双目标优化模型，采用快速非支配排序遗传算法II(NSGA-II)对模型进行求解。【结果】玉米产量和水分利用率随着水肥两因子的增加呈先增后减趋势；灌水对玉米产量和水分利用率的影响程度大于施肥；水肥耦合对玉米产量和水分利用率有正交互作用。【结论】本文提出的水肥配施方案：灌水量为848.24 m3/hm2，施肥量为192.66 kg/hm2的水肥组合较优玉米产量为10 667.52 kg/hm2，水分利用率为3.11 kg/m3。
关 键 字: 玉米；水肥耦合；双目标优化；NSGA-Ⅱ算法；配施方案 |
| 关键词: 玉米；水肥耦合；双目标优化；NSGA-Ⅱ算法；配施方案 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:S274.3 |
| 基金项目:河南省高校科技创新人才支持计划（15HASTIT046)；河南省科技攻关项目（152102110095）；河南省高等学校重点科研项目资助（15A570008） |
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| Analysis of Water and Fertilizer Coupling Effect of Maize and Optimization of Combined Application Scheme under Double Objectives |
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majianqin
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North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power
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| Abstract: |
| Abstract:【Background】Nowadays, China's agricultural production is facing the dual pressure of water shortage and serious agricultural non-point source pollution. Therefore, the development of water-saving and fertilizer-saving, green and energy-saving agriculture is the only way to achieve high-yield and high-efficiency crops.Soil moisture and nutrients are not only the basic conditions for crop growth, but also the most important controllable indicators in the growth period.Henan Province, as one of the main producing areas of corn, is also an important production area of agricultural products and grain in China.At present, the coupling analysis of water and fertilizer and the optimization of combined application scheme of maize are mostly based on the single goal of yield, which can not meet the needs of multiple objectives such as economic benefits and production benefits.【Objective】Unreasonable irrigation and fertilization during the growth period of summer maize will cause the risk of high consumption and low efficiency.In order to explore the coupling effect of water and fertilizer on corn yield and Water Use Efficiency(WUE), and to find the best water and fertilizer program during the growing period.【Method】 To utilize agricultural water resources efficiently, three irrigation levels and three fertilization levels were set for summer maize as the research object.First of all, based on the experimental data of irrigation and fertilization, this paper established a binary quadratic regression model with irrigation and fertilization as independent variables, yield and water use efficiency as dependent variables, and tested the significance of the regression model.At the same time, the single factor effect, marginal effect and coupling effect of water and fertilizer on Yield and Water Use Efficiency of summer maize were analyzed, which provided theoretical basis for water and fertilizer management of summer maize.Subsequently, the principle of the Non-Dominated Sorted Genetic Algorithm-II (NSGA-II) was introduced in detail, and an optimization model with irrigation volume and fertilization volume as decision variables and output and water use efficiency as objectives was established, and the genetic algorithm was used to solve the model.Finally, the best water and fertilizer scheme in maize growth period and the yield and Water Use Efficiency of the combination of water and fertilizer were obtained to achieve the high efficiency of water and fertilizer application in the whole growth period of maize.【Result】(1)The yield and Water Use Efficiency of maize increased first and then decreased with the increase of water and fertilizer;(2)The effect of water on Maize Yield and Water Use Efficiency is greater than that of fertilizer;(3)Water-fertilizer coupling has a positive interaction on corn yield and Water Use Efficiency.【Conclusion】The scheme of water and fertilizer application proposed in this paper is as follows: irrigation amount is 848.24 m3/hm2, fertilizer amount is 192.66 kg/hm2, the corn yield under this water and fertilizer combination is 10 667.52 kg/hm2, and the Water Use Efficiency is 3.11 kg/m3, which can provide decision-making reference for local corn production.
Key words：maize；water and fertilizer coupling；Bi-objective optimization；Non-Dominated Sorted Genetic Algorithm-II；matching scheme |
| Key words: maize；water and fertilizer coupling；Bi-objective optimization；Non-Dominated Sorted Genetic Algorithm-II；matching scheme |
