| 引用本文: | 吴祥运,王东,蔡晓,等.微喷补灌对夏玉米产量和水分利用效率的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
| WU Xiangyun,wangdong,Caixiao,et al.微喷补灌对夏玉米产量和水分利用效率的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】提高夏玉米用水效率。【方法】2018-2019年设置4个微喷补灌处理，分别以0~10（W10）、0~20（W20）、0~30（W30）和0~40（W40）cm为目标湿润土层，补灌的目标含水率为相应土层的田间持水率，补灌时期均为夏玉米播种时、拔节期开始时和抽雄期开始时；以传统畦灌模式（CK）为对照，研究了不同微喷补灌方案对夏玉米形态发育指标、产量构成、耗水量和水分利用效率（WUE）的影响。【结果】随着补灌目标湿润土层深度的增加，夏玉米株高、叶面积指数（LAI）、地上部干物质量和籽粒产量等指标呈逐渐增大或先增大后减小的趋势，当目标湿润土层达到20 cm后，继续增加灌水量对夏玉米生长的促进效应减小，W20处理的各项指标均能获得较高值。耗水量和WUE受补灌目标湿润土层深度影响显著，其中，耗水量随目标湿润土层深度的增加而增大，WUE则与之相反。W20处理与CK和高水分（W40）处理相比，籽粒产量无显著差异，但灌溉用水量减少47.33%~54.73%，耗水量显著降低9.86%~13.85%，WUE显著提高11.48%~19.26%。【结论】建议试验区夏玉米微喷补灌的目标湿润土层为0~20 cm，目标含水率为田间持水率。 |
| 关键词: 微喷补灌；夏玉米；产量；水分利用效率 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:S275.5 |
| 基金项目:山东省重大科技创新工程项目（2019JZZY010716），山东省重点研发计划（2018GNC111007），国家公益性行业（农业）科研专项（201503130） |
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| Effects of Supplemental Irrigation with Micro-Sprinkling Hoses on Yield and Water Use Efficiency of Summer Maize |
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WU Xiangyun, wangdong, Caixiao, linxiang, zhangjunpeng
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Shandong Agricultural University
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】To improve the water use efficiency of summer maize. 【Method】The effects of different micro-sprinkling irrigation treatments on plant growth, yield components, evapotranspiration and water use efficiency (WUE) of summer maize were studied in 2018-2019. According to depth of the target wet soil layer, four micro-sprinkling irrigation treatments were set in the experiment, namely 0~10 (W10), 0~20 (W20), 0~30 (W30) and 0~40 (W40) cm, respectively. The supplemental irrigation was applied at sowing and the beginning of jointing and tasseling stages of summer maize, and the relative soil moisture content at the corresponding soil depth after irrigation was 100% of field capacity. In addition, the traditional border irrigation mode (CK) was used as a control. 【Result】With the increase of the target moist soil layer depth, the plant height, leaf area index (LAI), aboveground dry mass and grain yield of summer maize showed a trend of gradually increasing or first increasing and then decreasing. When the wet soil layer reached 20 cm, the promotion effect of further increasing irrigation water on the growth of summer maize decreased. Overall, the four indicators of W20 treatment had higher value. The evapotranspiration and WUE of summer maize were significantly affected by the irrigation level. Among them, the evapotranspiration increased with the increase of the target moist soil depth, and WUE was the opposite. There was no significant difference in grain yield between W20, CK and W40 treatments. However, compared with CK and high moisture (W40) treatments, the irrigation amount and evapotranspiration of W20 treatment reduced by 47.33%~54.73% and 9.86%~13.85% respectively, and the WUE increased significantly by 11.48%~19.26%. 【Conclusion】Considering the indexes of irrigation amount, grain yield, evapotranspiration and WUE, it is suggested that the micro-sprinkling irrigation scheme of summer maize in the test area should be: the target wet soil layer was 0~20 cm, and the relative soil moisture content at the corresponding soil depth after irrigation was 100% of field capacity. |
| Key words: micro-sprinkling supplemental irrigation; summer maize; yield; water use efficiency |
