| 引用本文: | 石金昊,朱卫红,田乐,等.基于SWAT模型的布尔哈通河土地利用变化对面源污染的影响研究[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
| shijinhao,zhuweihong,tianle,et al.基于SWAT模型的布尔哈通河土地利用变化对面源污染的影响研究[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】揭示土地利用变化下面源污染时空变化特征，探究流域景观格局与面源污染的关系。【方法】以布尔哈通河流域为研究对象，利用SWAT分布式水文模型模拟1986—2016年四期土地利用变化下面源污染分布特征，运用Fragstats4.2软件计算1986和2016年布尔哈通河各子流域的景观格局指数，最后使用CANOCO5.0软件分析子流域面源污染和景观指数之间的关系。【结果】（1）构建的SWAT模型模拟的径流量和总磷量在校准期和验证期的决定系数R2和纳什效率系数NSE都达到0.6以上，模型能很好的模拟流域水文水质状况，1986-2016年，SWAT模拟的总磷年负荷分别为74.04吨、73.78吨、82.50吨和128.31吨。（2）面源污染与景观格局存在密切关系，景观组成格局方面，林地与总磷负荷呈负相关，农田和建设用地与总磷负荷呈正相关；景观空间格局方面，林地斑块破碎化程度与总磷负荷呈正相关，而农田斑块的破碎化程度与总磷负荷呈负相关。流域斑块之间的越高流通性和聚集性，对养分流失改善有积极作用，而流域内景观异质性的增加和形状的复杂化，则会导致污染负荷输出风险的增加。【结论】流域面源污染负荷急剧增加，面源污染防治的关键控制区域在坡度较高的北部区域和农田及城镇集中的东部区域，为该区域规划土地利用和优化景观格局时，因优先考虑防止林地斑块破碎化程度的提高和控制城镇面源污染源，以期更好的改善流域面源污染状况。 |
| 关键词: SWAT模型；面源污染；土地利用；景观格局；冗余分析 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:K903 |
| 基金项目:图们江流域湿地退化及其环境效应模拟研究,国家自然科学基金重点项目（41830643）、吉林省湿地生物多样性时空特征、驱动因素及保护热点分区，吉林省主题引导项目(20190201308JC) |
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| Research on the Impact of Burhatong River Land Use Change on Non-point Source Pollution Based on SWAT Model |
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shijinhao1, zhuweihong1, tianle1, jinri2
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1.yanbian university;2.yanbian unniversity
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| Abstract: |
| 【Background】Non-point source pollution causes eutrophication and loss of biodiversity in rivers, lakes and other water bodies, and threatens people's water safety. Non-point source pollution in my country, especially agricultural non-point source pollution, has become an important water environmental problem. Changes in the composition pattern and spatial pattern of the watershed landscape will affect the generation, migration and transformation of non-point source pollutants.【Objective】To reveal the characteristics of spatio-temporal changes of source pollution under land use change, and to explore the relationship between watershed landscape pattern and non-point source pollution【Method】Taking the Burhatong River Basin as the research object, the distributed hydrological model SWAT was used to simulate the distribution characteristics of source pollution under the land use changes in the fourth period from 1986 to 2016, and the Fragstats 4.2 software was used to calculate the Burhatong River in 1986 and 2016. For the landscape pattern index of the sub-basin, the CANOCO5.0 software was used to analyze the relationship between the non-point source pollution in the sub-basin and the landscape index.【Result】(1) The determination coefficient R2 and the Nash efficiency coefficient NSE of the runoff and total phosphorus amount simulated by the SWAT model during the calibration period and the verification period are both above 0.6, and the model can well simulate the watershed water quality status, 1986 - 2016, the total annual phosphorus load simulated by SWAT was 74.04 tons, 73.78 tons, 82.50 tons and 128.31 tons. (2) There is a close relationship between non-point source pollution and landscape pattern. In terms of landscape composition pattern, forest land is negatively correlated with total phosphorus load, and farmland and construction land is positively correlated with total phosphorus load; in terms of landscape spatial pattern, the degree of forest land patch fragmentation is related to The total phosphorus load was positively correlated, while the degree of fragmentation of farmland patches was negatively correlated with the total phosphorus load. The higher the circulation and aggregation between the patches in the watershed have a positive effect on the improvement of nutrient loss, and the increase in landscape heterogeneity and the complexity of the shape in the watershed will lead to an increased risk of pollution load output.【Conclusion】The non-point source pollution load in the watershed increases sharply. The key control areas for non-point source pollution prevention are in the northern area with high slope and the eastern area where farmland and towns are concentrated.Prevent the increase of the fragmentation of forest plaques and control urban non-point source pollution sources, with a view to better improving the non-point source pollution situation in the basin. |
| Key words: SWAT model; Non-point source pollution; land use; landscape pattern; Redundancy analysis |
