引用本文: | 张寅,鄂继芳,孙明海.秸秆覆盖对沟灌夏玉米根系分布及产量影响[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
| Zhang Yin,E Ji-fang,Sun Min-hai.秸秆覆盖对沟灌夏玉米根系分布及产量影响[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
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摘要: |
【【目的】为探究夏玉米根系分布、水分利用效率及产量对沟灌种植下不同秸秆覆盖方式的动态响应,以达到增产提效的目的。【方法】2018年在河套灌区开展不同耕作模式的小区试验,试验设常规垄覆膜沟灌(FM)、垄覆秸秆沟灌(FLJ)、沟覆秸秆沟灌(FGJ)、垄沟覆秸秆沟灌(FLGJ)4种处理。研究了夏玉米各土层的根长密度、作物耗水量、产量及其相关指标,并对各指标进行显著性分析,得到沟灌种植模式下较优秸秆覆盖方式。【结果】沟灌种植模式下不同秸秆覆盖方式显著(P<0.05)影响夏玉米根系分布、产量和水分利用效率,通过沟覆秸秆沟灌可改善夏玉米根系分布,提高水分利用效率,达到高产。沟覆秸秆促进了垄上大于40cm土层根系发育,根长密度较FM处理增加128.1%,显著提高沟里大于20cm土层根长密度,促进对深层土壤水分养分吸收利用,提高产量。与沟灌覆膜FM相比,沟覆秸秆FGJ和垄沟覆秸秆FLGJ显著提高水分利用效率51.9%和54.3%,增产9.3%和9.0%(P<0.05),二者差异不显著,但FGJ收获指数较其他处理显著增大(P<0.05),为0.48,且垄和沟的深层根长密度与水分利用效率和产量的变化趋势一致。【结论】沟灌种植模式下沟覆秸秆FGJ处理改善深层根系分布效果较好,显著提高夏玉米水分利用效率及产量,该研究为沟灌种植模式下秸秆覆盖技术的应用及节约灌溉用水量提供技术支撑和理论指导。 |
关键词: 沟灌;秸秆;根系;产量;夏玉米 |
DOI: |
分类号:S274 |
基金项目:内蒙古自治区高等学校科学研究项目(NJZC17388);河套学院科学技术研究项目(HYZQ201719) |
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Effect of Straw Mulching on Root Distribution and Yield of Summer Maize under Furrow Irrigation |
Zhang Yin1, E Ji-fang2, Sun Min-hai1
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1.Hetao University;2.Hulunbuir Real Estate Management Office
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Abstract: |
【Objective】To explore the dynamic response of root distribution, water use efficiency and yield of summer maize to different straw mulching combined with ditch irrigation, so as to increase yield and efficiency. 【Method】The experiments of different tillage modes combined with straw mulching were carried out in Hetao irrigation district in 2018. The experiments consisted of 4 treatments, which were conventional furrow irrigation covered with film (FM), the ridge covered straw under furrow irrigation(FLJ), the ditch covered straw under furrow irrigation(FGJ) and the ridge and ditch covered straw under furrow irrigation (FLGJ). Those were Studied that were the root length, crop water consumption, yield and related indexes of each soil layer of summer maize. And the significance of each index was analyzed to obtain the better straw mulching method under the ditch irrigation mode.【Result】The results showed that the root distribution, yield and water use efficiency of summer maize were significantly affected by different straw mulching methods under the ditch irrigation mode, and the root distribution, water use efficiency and high yield of summer maize could be improved by furrow irrigation with straw mulching.The furrow covered straw promoted the root development in the soil layer over 40 cm, the root length density increased by 128.1% compared with FM treatment, and the root length density in the soil layer over 20 cm significantly, which promoted the absorption and utilization of water and nutrients in the deep soil and increased the yield. Compared with FM, FGJ and FLGJ were significantly increased by 51.9% and 54.3%, and increased by 9.3% and 9.0%, with no significant difference. However, FGJ harvest index was significantly increased by 0.48compared with other treatments, and the deep root length density of ridges and furrows was consistent with the trend of water use efficiency and yield.【Conclusion】Under the mode of furrow irrigation, it had a better effect of the ditch covered straw (FGJ) treatment on the distribution of deep roots and significantly increased the water use efficiency and yield of summer maize. It could provide theoretical guidance for the application of straw mulching technology and the improvement of water use efficiency of summer maize under ditch irrigation. |
Key words: furrow irrigation; straw; the root system; yield; summer maize |