| 引用本文: | 余轩.,刘浩,马岩川.,等.麦后移栽棉适宜调亏灌溉模式研究[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
| yuxuan,liuhao,mayanchuan,et al.麦后移栽棉适宜调亏灌溉模式研究[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
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| 麦后移栽棉适宜调亏灌溉模式研究 |
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余轩.1,2, 刘浩1, 马岩川.1,2, 耿耘.1,2, 冯泉清.1,2, 孙景生1
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1.中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所作物需水与调控重点实验室;2.中国农业科学院研究生院
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| 摘要: |
| 为探讨麦后移栽棉适宜调亏灌溉模式，在麦后移栽棉蕾期、花铃期分别设计不同亏水灌溉处理，研究了不同调亏灌溉处理对麦后移栽棉生长发育、产量、品质和水分利用效率的影响。结果表明，蕾期和花铃期的水分亏缺均会抑制棉花株高、茎粗等营养生长，其中蕾期水分亏缺影响程度相对较大，而花铃期影响程度相对较小；无论是蕾期还是花铃期，轻度亏水灌溉对棉花生长发育基本上没有产生明显影响。叶片相对含水量随缺水程度的增加呈下降趋势。蕾期或花铃期轻度亏缺灌溉均有利于地上干物质积累，与全生育期充分灌溉（CK2）处理相比，蕾期轻度调亏灌溉节省灌溉用水5.45%，增产9.16%，水分利用效率提高15.05%；花铃期轻度调亏灌溉节省灌溉用水9.09%，增产2.34%，水分利用效率提高40.86%。调亏灌溉对麦后移栽棉马克隆值和伸长效率影响不明显，但蕾期或花铃期轻度调亏灌溉都有提高棉纤维长度、整齐度和断裂比强度的趋势。综上，在水资源供应较为充足时，蕾期轻度调亏灌溉、花铃期充分灌溉可获得最高的籽棉产量和较高的水分利用效率；而在水资源不足的条件下，蕾期充分灌溉、花铃期轻度调亏灌溉是较为适宜的省水、高产、高效灌溉模式。 |
| 关键词: 麦后移栽棉;调亏灌溉;生长发育;籽棉产量;纤维品质;灌水利用效率 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:S273.4 |
| 基金项目:现代农业棉花产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-15-13)；中央科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(FIRI2018-05) |
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| Study on the suitable regulated deficit irrigation mode for cotton transplanted after winter wheat harvest |
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yuxuan,liuhao,mayanchuan,et al
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Farmland Irrigation Research Institute
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| Abstract: |
| In order to explore the suitable regulated deficit irrigation mode for cotton transplanted after winter wheat harvest, different water deficit irrigation treatments were designed at the cotton bud stage, and blossoming and boll-forming stage. The effects of different regulated deficit irrigation treatments on the cotton growth, yield, quality, as well as the water utilization efficiency were investigated. The results showed that the water deficit would inhibit the cotton height and the stem thickness in both stages. The effects at the bud stage were larger than those at the blossoming and boll-forming stage. However, slight water deficit irrigation had no obvious effect on the growth and development of cotton for any stage. The relative water content of leaves showed a downward trend with the increase of water shortage. Mild deficit irrigation provoked the accumulation of dry matter on the ground in both stages. Compared with the full irrigation (CK2) treatment during the whole growth period, the mild regulated deficit irrigation can save irrigation water by 5.45%, increase the yield by 9.16%, and increase the water utilization efficiency by 15.05% at the bud stage, and it can save irrigation water by 27.27% , increase production by 2.35%, and increase water utilization efficiency by 40.86% at the blossoming and boll-forming stage. Regulated deficit irrigation had no obvious effect on the cotton micronaire value and elongation efficiency. However, lightly regulated deficit irrigation at the bud or blossoming and boll-forming stages had a tendency to increase fiber length, uniformity, and breaking strength in the cotton. In summary, when the water supply is relatively sufficient, light-regulated deficit irrigation at the bud stage and full irrigation at the blossoming and boll-forming stage can provide the highest seed cotton yield and water utilization efficiency. In the case of insufficient water resources, sufficient Irrigation at the bud stage and mild-regulated deficit irrigation during the flowering and boll period are suitable for water saving, water utilization efficiency, and a high cotton yield. |
| Key words: after wheat transplanting cotton; drip irrigation; seed cotton yield; fiber quality; irrigation water utilization efficiency |
