| 引用本文: | 雷媛,刘战东,张伟强,等.不同灌溉控制指标对冬小麦生长及耗水特性的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
| LEI Yuan,LIU ZhanDong,ZHANG WeiQiang,et al.不同灌溉控制指标对冬小麦生长及耗水特性的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
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| 摘要: |
| 摘 要：【目的】探究不同计划湿润层深度和土壤含水量控制下限的组合模式，为冬小麦田间用水管理及自动灌溉控制决策提供理论依据。【方法】以冬小麦为研究对象，采用大田试验，设置土壤含水量控制下限指标（以占土壤有效含水量的百分比确定）3个水平（L：40%，M：50%，H：60%）和计划湿润层深度3个水平（60 cm，80 cm，100 cm），两因子合计9个处理（T60L，T60M，T60H，T80L，T80M，T80H，T100L，T100M，T100H），研究了计划湿润层深度与土壤含水量控制下限对华北地区冬小麦生长发育和水分利用的影响。【结果】计划湿润层深度及土壤含水量控制下限的不同改变了处理间灌水定额及灌水次数，计划湿润层深度过高或土壤含水量控制下限过低均不利于冬小麦植株的生长发育。随计划湿润层深度（60~100 cm）和土壤含水量控制下限（40%~60%）的增大，冬小麦花前及花后的干物质累积量呈现出先增大后减小的趋势。土壤含水量控制下限增高，产量呈现增加趋势，当计划湿润层深度为80 cm时，产量相对最高，同时耗水量也越多，而计划湿润层深度为60 cm时耗水量最少。计划湿润层深度越低，土壤含水量控制下限越高，冬小麦水分利用效率呈现增高的趋势。T60H处理的水分利用效率最大，为19.96 kg/（hm2?mm），比最小值T100L大21.0%。【结论】本试验条件下，计划湿润层深度为60 cm，土壤含水量控制下限设置为土壤有效含水量的60%时，在研究区域节水高产效果相对最优。 |
| 关键词: 冬小麦;干物质;计划湿润层深度;土壤含水量控制下限;产量 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:S274 |
| 基金项目:现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-03)、国家自然科学(51679242)、中央级科研院所基本科研业务费专项(FIRI202001-03),公益性行业科研专项（201503117） |
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| Effects of different irrigation control indexes on growth and water consumption characteristics of winter wheat |
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LEI Yuan1, LIU ZhanDong1, ZHANG WeiQiang2, HUANG Chao1, DUAN AiWang1, LOU He3, LIU Zugui1
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1.Farmland Irrigation Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science/Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Crop Water Requirement and Regulation,Xinxiang;2.Henan Institute of Science and Technology for Development,Zhengzhou;3.Henan weisheng electric appliance co LTD,Xinxiang
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| Abstract: |
| Abstract:【Objective】To clarify the effects of different planned wet layer depths and lower control limits of soil water content on the growth and development, yield and water consumption of winter wheat, so as to provide a theoretical basis for field water management and automatic irrigation control decisions. 【Method】Taking winter wheat as the research object, through field experiments, set 3 levels of soil water content control lower limit index (L, 40%; M, 50%; H, 60%)and 3 levels of the planned wet layer depth（Determined by the percentage of available water content in the soil ）(60 cm; 80 cm; 100 cm), a total of 9 treatments with two factors (T60L; T60M; T60H; T80L; T80M; T80H; T100L; T100M; T100H), to study the main effects of the depth of the wet layer and the lower limit of soil water content and their interaction effects on the growth and development and water use of winter wheat in North China.【Result】The different depth of planned wetting layer and the lower limit of soil water content control changed the irrigation quota and irrigation times. Excessively high planned wetting depth or excessively low control limit of soil moisture content are not conducive to the growth and development of winter wheat plants. With the increase of planned wetting depth（60~100 cm） and the lower limit of soil moisture content（40%~60%）, the dry matter accumulation before and after flowering of winter wheat showed a tendency of first increasing and then decreasing. The lower limit of soil water content control increased, and the yield showed an increasing trend. When the planned wet layer depth was 80 cm, the yield was relatively highest. The higher the lower limit of soil water content control, the more water consumption. When the depth of the planned wet layer is 80 cm, the water consumption is the highest, and when the depth is 60 cm, the water consumption is the least. The maximum water use efficiency of T60H among the 9 treatments was 19.96 kg/（hm2?mm）, which was 21.0% higher than the minimum value T100L.【Conclusion】Under these experimental conditions ,when the depth of the planned wet layer is 60 cm and the lower limit of soil water content control is set to 60% of the effective soil water content, the results of water saving and high production are relatively optimal in the study area. |
| Key words: Winter wheat; Dry matter; Planned wetting depth; Lower limit of soil water content control; Yield |
