| 摘要: |
| 【目的】为探索黄淮地区冬小麦适宜水氮管理模式【方法】通过田间小区试验，研究不同灌水0 mm (W1)、60 mm (W2)、90 mm (W3)和施氮150 kg?ha-1 (N1)、225 kg?ha-1 (N2)、300 kg?ha-1 (N3)对冬小麦生长状况、产量构成和氮肥吸收利用的影响。【结果】增加灌溉和施氮量均可显著提高冬小麦叶面积指数、株高、地上生物量、籽粒产量和氮素吸收量。但是，施氮量超过225 kg?h a-1对小麦的生长、产量、籽粒吸氮量和地上氮素积累量增加效果不显著，尤其是在高灌水条件下。氮肥利用效率和吸收效率均随灌水量的增加而增加，随施氮量的增加而降低；施氮量在N1、N2时，冬小麦籽粒产量和氮吸收量随着施氮量的增加而增加，施氮量超过N2增加效果不显著；【结论】综合考虑作物生长性状、产量和氮肥吸收利用效率，W3N2是最佳的水氮管理模式，可以获得更高产量的同时消耗更少的氮肥，增加氮肥吸收利用效率。 |
| 关键词: 冬小麦；灌水；氮肥；氮肥吸收利用率 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:S275；S143.1；S512.1 |
| 基金项目:公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目(201203077) |
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| Combined impact of irrigation and nitrogen application at the jointing stage on nitrogen uptake and use efficiency of winter wheat |
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zhagnxiaopei
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Farmland Irrigation Research Institute
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Nitrogen uptake and its use efficiency by crops depend on a variety of biotic and abiotic factors and the purpose of this paper is to experimentally study how they are affected by combined application of water and nitrogen at the jointing stage of winter wheat.【Method】The experiment was carried out in a field considering of three irrigation treatments: no irrigation (W1), 60 mm (W2), 90 mm (W3); and three nitrogen applications: 150 kg?ha-1 (N1), 225 kg?ha-1 (N2) and 300 kg?ha-1 (N3).【Result】The leaf area index, plant height, aboveground biomass, grain yield and nitrogen uptake of winter wheat were significantly increased by increasing irrigation and nitrogen application. N application rate, however, more than 225 kg?ha-1 on the growth and yield of wheat, grain nitrogen uptake, and the ground increased n accumulation effect is not significant, especially in the high water conditions. The utilization efficiency and absorption efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer increased with the increase of irrigation amount and decreased with the increase of nitrogen application amount. When nitrogen application rate was N1 and N2, grain yield and nitrogen absorption of winter wheat increased with the increase of nitrogen application rate, but the effect of nitrogen application rate exceeding N2 was not significant. 【Conclusion】 Considering crop growth characteristics, yield and nitrogen uptake and utilization efficiency comprehensively, W3N2 is the best water and nitrogen management mode, which can achieve higher yield and consume less nitrogen fertilizer to increase nitrogen uptake and utilization efficiency. |
| Key words: winter wheat; irrigation; nitrogen fertilizer; nitrogen fertilizer absorption efficiency |
