| 引用本文: | 郭美美,李晓彬,万书勤,等.滴灌加酸处理调控滨海重度盐渍土脱盐过程中pH升高的研究[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
| guo mei mei,li xiaobin,wan shuqin,et al.滴灌加酸处理调控滨海重度盐渍土脱盐过程中pH升高的研究[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
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| 滴灌加酸处理调控滨海重度盐渍土脱盐过程中pH升高的研究 |
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郭美美,李晓彬,万书勤,等
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1.中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 陆地水循环及地表过程重点实验室;2.中国科学院大学 资源与环境学院
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】为探索一种低成本、绿色、简便高效的调控滨海重度盐渍土脱盐过程中pH显著升高对植物生长不利影响的方法,利用工业用粗磷酸液体磷肥和酸性调节剂的双重特点,通过采用滴灌水肥一体化方法,研究滴灌加酸处理对滨海重度盐渍土脱盐过程pH升高的影响。【方法】采用室内土柱模拟试验,设置5种不同加酸用量后灌溉水pH处理,分别为S1(IWpH=6)、S2(IWpH =6.5)、S3(IWpH =7)、S4(IWpH =7.5)、S5(IWpH =8.2~8.5, 不加酸),研究了不同淋洗水量(60mm、120mm、180mm、240mm)条件下土壤盐分(饱和泥浆提取液电导率ECe)和酸碱度(饱和泥浆提取液pHe)的时空变化特征。【结果】滴灌条件下首先在滴头正下方形成一个低盐区,随着灌水量的增加,低盐区不断扩大,土壤盐分呈对数式降低。不同加酸量处理下土壤盐分淋洗过程和淋洗速率相似,土壤pH的动态变化过程显著不同。灌溉水量达到240mm时,S1-S5处理0~55cm土层土壤均值pH分别为7.73、7.78、7.86、7.92、7.92,S1-S3处理非盐渍区(< 4 dS/m)土壤pH呈先增加后降低趋势,S4-S5处理的土壤pH则一直增加,表现出加酸量增加即灌溉水pH越小,滴灌水盐调控盐分淋洗过程中土壤pH升高的阶段越短,土壤pH回降的越快越低。【结论】当加酸量致灌溉水pH为6-7之间时,可快速有效的在根层调控植物生长的土壤酸碱环境。因此,建议在滨海盐碱地盐分淋洗过程中,通过添加工业用粗磷酸采用滴灌水肥一体化方法为植物生长营造一个适宜的土壤酸碱环境。 |
| 关键词: 滨海盐渍土;土柱模拟;土壤pH;盐分;淋洗 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:S275.6；S278 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（51709251）；中国科学院前沿科学重点研究项目（QYZDJ-SSW-DQC028）；国家重点研发计划项目（2016YFC0400104,2016YFS0501305） |
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| Management of the increased pH using acid treated drip-irrigation during the desalinization process in the heavily coastal-saline soil |
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guo mei mei1,2, li xiaobin3, wan shuqin3, kang yaohu4,5
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1.Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes，Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research;2.College of Resources and Environment，University of Chinese Academy of Sciences;3.Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes，Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research;4.Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research;5.College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】In order to came up with a low-cost, green, simple and efficient method for management the adverse effects of the significantly increased pH on plant growth during the desalination of heavily coastal-saline soils. The effect of the acid treated drip-irrigation on the increased pH during the desalination process of heavily coastal-saline soil was studied, using the method of drip fertigation combined with the industrial crude phosphoric acid that acted as both liquid phosphate fertilizer and acid regulator. 【Method】The simulating experiment in laboratory consisted of 5 different acid dosages for irrigation water, marked as S1 (IWpH=6), S2 (IWpH =6.5), S3 (IWpH =7), S4 (IWpH = 7.5), S5 (IWpH =8.2~8.5, no acid added). The temporal and spatial variation characteristics of soil salinity (electrical conductivity of the saturated paste extracts, ECe) and pHe (pH of the saturated paste extracts) under different leaching water volumes (60mm, 120mm, 180mm, 240mm) were studied. 【Result】Under drip irrigation conditions, a low-salt zone was first formed exactly below the emitter, and then the low-salt zone expanded and the soil salinity decreased logarithmically with the increase of irrigation water. The soil salt leaching process and leaching rate were similar under different acid treatments, while the dynamic change processes of soil pH were significantly different. When 240mm water was applied, the average soil pH in the 0~55cm soil layer of S1-S5 treatment was 7.73, 7.78, 7.86, 7.92, 7.92, respectively. The soil pH in the non-saline area (< 4 dS/m) of S1-S3 treatment increased first and then decreased, while the soil pH of S4-S5 treatment continued to increase at this period. It has been shown that the more amount of the acid was added, the shorter the period of soil pH increase was, the faster the soil pH fell back, and the lower pH was remained during the salt leaching process.【Conclusion】 The good soil acid-base environment in the plant rootzone was formed quickly and effectively, when the pH of irrigation water was kept between 6-7 by adding acid. Therefore, it was recommended that adding the industrial crude phosphoric acid and adopting the drip fertigation to create a suitable soil acid-base environment for plant growth during the process of salt leaching in coastal saline-alkali soils. |
| Key words: Coastal saline soil; Soil column simulation; Soil pH; Salinity; Leaching |
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