| 摘要: |
| 摘要：【目的】为了探究玉米冠层光分布、衰老特征及产量对密度和水分条件的响应。【方法】试验选用石羊河流域普遍种植的先玉335为供试品种，设置D1(7万株·hm-2)和D2(9万株·hm-2)两个种植密度，以及充分灌水（W1），轻度亏缺（W2），中度亏缺（W3）三个水分梯度，共6个处理，每个处理3个重复。观测各生育期的叶面积指数、叶绿素含量、辐射截获率、干物质积累以及产量等指标的变化。【结果】叶绿素含量受水分影响显著，随灌水量减少而降低，但密度影响不显著；D2密度较D1密度有更大的LAI，能显著提高玉米群体对辐射的截获率，改善群体的光能利用，增加群体的干物质积累量，促进RUE的提高。两个密度下，产量均随灌水量减少而降低，但减产幅度D2W3>W1的规律，收获指数在不同密度下出现不同规律，在低密度下轻度亏缺的收获指数最大，而高密度下，中度亏缺大于其他处理。【结论】适度提高种植密度有利于构建合理高效的光合群体结构，增加玉米群体干物质积累、产量和WUE。适度亏缺灌溉可以在不明显减产的情况下有效提高水分利用效率。因此，适度提高密度和水分亏缺对于旱区节水增产具有重要指导意义。 |
| 关键词: 种植密度；水分亏缺；冠层光结构；产量 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:S274.1;S513 |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划课题(2016YFC0400207)；公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目(201503125) |
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| Study on the Canopy Light Distribution, Aging Characteristics and Yield of Maize Response to Different Density and Moisture |
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Yang Shengju, Tong Ling
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China Agricultural University
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| Abstract: |
| Abstract: 【Background】Planting density and soil moisture conditions are important to the formation of maize growth and yield. 【Objective】In order to explore the corn canopy light distribution, aging characteristics and yield response to the density and moisture conditions. 【Method】A commonly planted species (Xianyu 335) was chosen to test in this region, there were 6 treatments in total from the combination of two planting densities of 70000 plants/hm2 and 90000 plants/hm2 (referred as D1 and D2, respectively) and three irrigation levels of full, mild and moderate deficit irrigation (referred asW1,W2 and W3, respectively), each treatment has three replicates. The change of leaf area index, chlorophyll content, radiation interception rate, dry biomass accumulation rate and yield were observed in different growth stages. 【Result】Chlorophyll content is significantly affected by water, and decreases with the decrease of irrigation water, but the effect of density is not significant; D2 density has a larger LAI than D1 density, which can significantly increase the radiation interception rate of the corn population, improve the light energy utilization of the population, and increase The dry matter accumulation of the population promotes the increase of RUE. Under the two densities, the yield decreased with the decrease of irrigation amount, but the reduction rate was D2W3>W1 at the same planting density. The harvest index showed a different rules under different densities, and D1W2 and D2W3 had the highest value than other treatments. 【Conclusion】A moderate increase in planting density is conducive to constructing a reasonable and efficient photosynthetic population structure and increasing the dry matter accumulation, yield and WUE of the corn population. Moderate deficit irrigation can effectively improve water use efficiency without significantly reducing production. Therefore, a moderate increase in density and water deficit has important guiding significance for saving water and increasing production in arid areas. |
| Key words: Planting density; Water deficit; Canopy light structure; production |
