| 摘要: |
| 【目的】近年来湖北省秋旱频发严重影响鲜食玉米生长发育，明确灌溉方式和施氮量的耦合效应，为湖北省秋季鲜食玉米优化栽培提供新思路、新方法。【方法】设置灌溉方式、施氮量两因素大田试验，灌溉方式设3个处理，分别为常规灌溉（W1）、滴灌（W2）和喷灌（W3）；施氮量设3个水平，分别为不施氮（N0，0）、低氮（N90，90kg/hm2）和高氮（N180，180kg/hm2），研究灌溉方式与施氮量对鲜食玉米生育前期生长和根系发育的影响。【结果】灌溉方式、施氮量均显著影响鲜食玉米生育前期的植株生长、根系发育、养分吸收与利用，且两因素对植株干重、根系形态、氮磷钾吸收量交互作用显著。相同氮肥用量下，喷灌显著促进鲜食玉米生育前期植株和根系生长、干物质累积和养分吸收。在鲜食玉米生育前期，与常规灌溉和滴灌相比，喷灌处理的各种生育指标均优于滴灌和常规灌溉。相同灌溉条件下，施氮可以促进鲜食玉米生育前期植株和根系生长、干物质累积和养分吸收，各生育指标均已N180最高，N90次之，N0最低。【结论】灌溉方式、施氮量对鲜食玉米生育前期生长和根系发育有显著的耦合效应，适宜的灌溉方式与施氮量可以增加植株干重。秋季鲜食玉米生产实践中建议使用喷灌措施，促进鲜食玉米植株和根系生长，提高鲜食玉米的养分吸收能力。 |
| 关键词: 鲜食玉米；生长；养分吸收；根系形态 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:S513 |
| 基金项目:湖北省重点研发计划项目(2020BBB082)。 |
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| Effects of irrigation method and nitrogen application rate on growth and development of fresh corn in early growth stage |
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zhangxu
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湖北省农业科学院植保土肥研究所
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】In recent years, autumn drought occurred frequently in Hubei Province, which seriously affected the growth and development of fresh corn. The coupling effect of irrigation measures and nitrogen was clarified to provide new ideas and methods for the optimal cultivation of fresh corn in autumn in Hubei Province.【Method】In autumn of 2020, field experiment with two factors of irrigation measures and nitrogen was set up. Irrigation measures were set at three levels: conventional irrigation (W1), drip irrigation (W2) and sprinkler irrigation (W3); nitrogen application rate was set at three levels: no nitrogen application (N0,0), low nitrogen application (N90,90kg/hm2) and high nitrogen application (N180,180kg/hm2), respectively And root development.【Result】Irrigation method and nitrogen application rate significantly affected the plant growth, root development, nutrient absorption and utilization in the early growth stage of fresh corn, and the two factors had significant interaction on plant dry weight, root morphology, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium absorption. Under the same amount of nitrogen fertilizer, sprinkler irrigation significantly promoted plant and root growth, dry matter accumulation and nutrient absorption of fresh corn at early growth stage. In the early growth stage of fresh corn, compared with conventional irrigation and drip irrigation, the growth indexes of sprinkler irrigation were better than those of drip irrigation and conventional irrigation. Under the same irrigation conditions, nitrogen application could promote the growth of plant and root system, dry matter accumulation and nutrient absorption in the early growth stage of fresh eating maize. The growth indexes of n180 were the highest, N90 the second and N0 the lowest.【Conclusion】The results showed that irrigation methods and nitrogen had significant coupling effects on the growth and root development of fresh corn in the early growth stage, and the appropriate irrigation methods and nitrogen application rate could increase the dry weight of the plant. In autumn, it is suggested to use sprinkler irrigation measures to promote the growth of plant and root of fresh corn and improve the nutrient absorption capacity of fresh corn. |
| Key words: Fresh corn; Growth; Nutrient absorption; Root morphology |
