| 引用本文: | 孙嘉星,王丽娟,韩卫华,等.水肥一体化下不同灌溉水平对酿酒葡萄茎秆液流特征和产量、品质的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
| sunjiaxing,wanglijuan,hanweihua,et al.水肥一体化下不同灌溉水平对酿酒葡萄茎秆液流特征和产量、品质的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
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| 水肥一体化下不同灌溉水平对酿酒葡萄茎秆液流特征和产量、品质的影响 |
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孙嘉星, 王丽娟, 韩卫华, 龚道枝, 高丽丽, 李昊儒, 毛丽丽, 郝卫平
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中国农业科学院 农业环境与可持续发展研究所
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| 摘要: |
| 以10a生“赤霞珠”酿酒葡萄为研究对象,于2019年在河北省张家口市开展水肥一体化的田间试验,探讨水肥一体化下不同灌溉水平对酿酒葡萄茎流特征、产量品质以及水分利用效率的影响,并得出酿酒葡萄获得最佳产量品质时的灌溉水平,为制定适宜的酿酒葡萄灌溉制度提供理论依据。在统一施肥水平下,灌水设置高水HW、中水MW、低水LW 3个水平,每个水平3次重复。采用热扩散式茎流计(TDP)5-10月连续监测酿酒葡萄生育期内茎秆液流速率,分析酿酒葡萄茎秆液流特征及其与环境因子之间的关系,并测定比较了最终的产量和品质。结果表明：酿酒葡萄茎秆液流速率在不同生育期内表现出明显的昼夜节律的日变化趋势,季节变化表现出先升高后降低的趋势。酿酒葡萄茎秆液流速率在不同灌溉水平下排序为：高水HW＞中水MW＞低水LW；液流速率与太阳辐射和空气温度呈正相关,而与空气相对湿度呈负相关,通过对液流速率与空气温度、太阳辐射、空气相对湿度、风速四个气象因子的多元回归分析表明,回归系数均达到显著水平且整体相关性最高的为中等水分处理MW。酿酒葡萄产量在处理MW达到最大为10736.68 kg/hm2,处理LW最小为9900.93kg/hm2。不同水分处理对酿酒葡萄水分利用效率存在显著的影响(P<0.05),灌溉水利用效率随着灌水量的增大逐渐减小。处理MW果实可溶性固形物最大,其含量达到23.05%,单宁含量达到3.51mg/g,果皮总酚含量达到59.01mg/g,且与其他处理之间存在显著性差异(P<0.05)。通过综合分析,中等水分处理MW可以使酿酒葡萄在维持正常生长的条件下,产量和品质最佳。 |
| 关键词: 水肥一体化;酿酒葡萄;液流速率;产量;品质 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:S274 |
| 基金项目:国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2017ZX07101-003) |
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| Effects of Different Water Levels on Stem Flow Characteristics, Yield and Quality of Drip Fertigated Wine Grape |
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sunjiaxing, wanglijuan, hanweihua, gongdaozhi, gaolili, lihaoru, maolili, haoweiping
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Institute of Agricultural Environment and Sustainable Development
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| Abstract: |
| With 10 years cabernet sauvignon as the research object, we carried out the field experiments of integration of water and fertilizer in 2019 in Zhangjiakou, Hebei Province. We explored the effects of different water levels on stem flow characteristics, yield, quality and water use efficiency of wine grape under integration of water and fertilizer, and we obtained the optimal irrigation level when the yield and quality of wine grape was the best, providing a theory basis for formulating appropriate wine grape irrigation system. Under the same fertilization level, three levels of high water HW, medium water MW and low water LW were set, and each level was repeated for three times. Stem flow rate was continuously monitored by thermal dissipation probe (TDP) from May to October during the growth period of wine grapes. We analyzed stem flow characteristics of wine grapes and its relationship with environmental factors, and the final yield and quality was measured. The results showed that stem flow rate of wine grapes have an obvious diurnal trend of circadian rhythm during different growth periods, and the seasonal variation showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing. The stem flow rate of wine grapes under different irrigation levels was as follows: high water HW > medium water MW > low water LW; Flow rate was positively correlated with the solar radiation and air temperature, and was negatively correlated with air relative humidity. By analyzing multiple regression of flow rate and air temperature, solar radiation, air relative humidity, wind speed, it showed that the four meteorological factors regression coefficients reached significant levels and the highest overall correlation was medium water treatment MW. The maximum yield of wine grapes was 10736.68 kg/hm2 under MW treatment and the minimum yield was 9900.93kg/hm2 under LW treatment. The effects on WUE of wine grapes under different water treatments were significant. (P<0.05), and the irrigation water use efficiency was decreased with the increase of irrigation amount. Under treatment MW, the content of fruit soluble solids reached 23.05%, the content of tannin and total phenols, reached 3.51mg/g and 59.01mg/g respectively.And it had a significant difference with other treatments (P<0.05). Through comprehensive analysis, medium water treatment MW can make yield and quality best under maintaining normal growth of wine grapes. |
| Key words: Fertigation; Wine grapes; Flow rate; Yield; Quality |
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