| 引用本文: | 付佳祥,李晓爽,于丽娜,等.灌溉制度对冬小麦茎基腐病及产量的响应研究[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
| FU Jia-xiang,Lixiaoshuang,YU Li-na,et al.灌溉制度对冬小麦茎基腐病及产量的响应研究[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
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| 灌溉制度对冬小麦茎基腐病及产量的响应研究 |
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付佳祥1, 李晓爽2, 于丽娜3, 可艳军3, 刘宏权1, 党红凯4, 马俊永4
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1.河北农业大学 保定;2.衡水学院;3.枣强县农业农村局;4.河北省农林科学院旱作农业研究所 衡水
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】针对茎基腐病的产生,探究最大限度减少茎基腐病感染造成产量损失的灌溉制度和品种的最优组合。【方法】试验采用裂区设计,以春季5个灌溉制度为主处理(不灌水对照处理-W0,1水-W1,2水-W2,3水-W3,4水-W4),以3个不同类型小麦品种为副处理(小麦品种为衡观35,济22,衡9966),研究不同灌溉制度和品种对茎基腐病感病率、土壤含水率和产量的影响。【结果】不同灌溉制度对冬小麦茎基腐病具有显著影响,W3和W4处理相对其他处理未患茎基腐病的概率最高,患重度茎基腐病的概率最低,衡9966的抗病性相比观35和济22要强；小麦不同生育期各土层含水率垂直分布变化较大,在成熟期,通过土壤含水率可以看出,灌溉次数越多土壤中未被利用的剩余水分越多；在受茎基腐病的影响下,三个品种在不同灌水处理下的产量均为W4> W3> W1> W2> W0,品种的产量依次为衡9966>观35>济22；根据茎基腐病的患病率折算出的产量和实际产量进行回归分析,得出折算产量和实际产量拟合度很高,其中济22的拟合效果最好；3个品种在W0处理产量损失最大,W3和W4处理较小,且衡9966较观35和济22产量损失较小。【结论】在茎基腐病影响下建议春灌3水,品种选用衡9966,可以在减少水消耗的基础上有效降低茎基腐病感病率,提高冬小麦的产量。 |
| 关键词: 冬小麦;灌溉制度;品种;茎基腐病;产量 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:S274.1 |
| 基金项目:河北省重点研发项目(19227003D)；河北省小麦产业体系；河北省节水灌溉装备产业技术研究院基金(SC2018005)；河北省农科院创新工程项目（2019-4-6-1） |
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| Study on the Effect of Irrigation Schedule on Stalk Rot and Yield of winter wheat |
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FU Jia-xiang1, Lixiaoshuang2, YU Li-na3, KE Yan-jun3, LIU Hong-quan1, DANG Hong-kai4, MA Jun-yong4
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1.Hebei Agricultural University;2.Hengshui University;3.Zaoqiang County Agriculture and Rural Bureau;4.Institute of Dry Farming,Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences
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| Abstract: |
| 【Background】With the development of economy, people have great demand for the use of water resources and the yield of crops. In recent years, the frequent occurrence of stalk base rot has seriously affected the yield of crops. The stalk base rot mainly affects the absorption of water in the soil by the rot of the roots. A suitable irrigation system can increase the moisture content of the soil surface and select disease-resistant varieties to reduce the impact of stalk rot on yield, but too many irrigation times may be beneficial to the spread of pathogens and will inevitably waste too much water resources. Choose suitable irrigation systems and varieties to achieve high yield, disease resistance and water saving. At present, there are very few studies on the effects of combined irrigation systems and varieties on the susceptibility and yield of winter wheat stem rot.【Objective】Aiming at the occurrence of stalk rot, explore the optimal combination of irrigation systems and varieties to minimize the yield loss caused by stalk rot infection.【Method】The experiment adopted a split zone design, with 5 irrigation systems in spring as the main treatment (non-irrigated control treatment-W0, 1 water-W1, 2 water-W2, 3 water-W3, 4 water-W4), with 3 different types of wheat Varieties are side treatments (wheat varieties are Hengguan 35, Ji 22, Heng 9966) to study the effects of different irrigation systems and varieties on the susceptibility of stalk base rot, soil moisture content and yield.【Results】Different irrigation regimes have significant effects on winter wheat stem rot. Compared with other treatments, treatments W3 and W4 have the highest probability of not suffering from stalk rot, and the lowest probability of suffering from severe stem rot. The disease resistance of H 9966 is comparable to Guan 35 and Ji 22 should be strong; the vertical distribution of water content of each soil layer in different growth periods of wheat varies greatly. In the mature period, it can be seen from the soil water content that the more irrigation times, the more unused remaining water in the soil; Under the influence of the disease, the yields of the three varieties under different irrigation treatments were W4> W3> W1> W2> W0, and the yields of the varieties were Heng 9966> Guan 35> Ji 22; according to the prevalence of stem rot Regression analysis was performed on the converted output and the actual output, and it was concluded that the fit between the converted output and the actual output was very high, and the fitting effect of Ji 22 was the best; the three varieties had the largest yield loss in the treatment of W0, and W3 and W4 were smaller. And the output loss of Heng 9966 is smaller than that of Guan 35 and Ji 22.【Conclusion】Under the influence of stem base rot, it is recommended to irrigate 3 waters in spring. The variety of Heng 9966 can effectively reduce the susceptibility rate of stem base rot and increase the yield of winter wheat on the basis of reducing water consumption. |
| Key words: Winter wheat; Irrigation system; Variety; Stem rot; Yield |
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