生物炭、河沙对盐碱土水盐运移、氮素及玉米产量影响

王世斌; 高佩玲; 相龙康; 郭祥林; 吕庆鑫; 孟庆梅

引用本文:	王世斌,高佩玲,相龙康,等.生物炭、河沙对盐碱土水盐运移、氮素及玉米产量影响[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-.
	WANG Shi-bin,GAO Pei-ling,XIANG Long-kang,et al.生物炭、河沙对盐碱土水盐运移、氮素及玉米产量影响[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-.

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生物炭、河沙对盐碱土水盐运移、氮素及玉米产量影响
王世斌,高佩玲,相龙康,等
1.山东理工大学农业工程与食品科学学院;2.山东理工大学资源与环境工程学院

摘要:

【目的】探究连续施用生物炭和河沙3年对黄河三角洲地区中度盐碱土的改良效果、氮素及夏玉米产量的影响。【方法】采用田间小区试验，共设置CK、C1[5 t/(hm2·a)生物炭]、C2[10 t/(hm2·a)生物炭]、C3[20 t/(hm2·a)生物炭]、S1（5%沙）、S2（10%沙）、S3（15%沙）7个处理。【结果】(1)生物炭处理对掺加层土壤含水率提升效果显著，较CK增幅（3.62%-11.81%），其中，C3处理效果较优，有效的提升了水分利用效率，掺沙处理则随施沙量增加掺加层的土壤含水率呈降低趋势。（2）相同条件下，掺沙处理土壤降盐效果要优于生物炭处理，掺沙10%-15%的脱盐效果较好，较CK脱盐率达14.04%。（3）施加生物炭能明显提高0-40 cm土层的硝态氮（11.50%-50.13%）、铵态氮含量（4.46%-9.12%），其中，C3处理增幅显著，掺沙处理则仅提升了20-40 cm土层氮素含量。（4）生物炭处理对夏玉米产量的提升优于掺沙处理，较CK增幅为0.60%-19.95%，且随施炭量增加而增大，C3处理的增产率最高。【结论】综合分析，生物炭处理对盐碱地的改良效果、氮素含量及作物产量的提升效果要优于掺沙处理，因此对黄河三角洲地区的中度盐碱地建议掺加20 t·(hm2·a)-1的生物炭。

关键词: 中度盐碱土；生物炭；河沙；土壤含盐量；硝态氮；铵态氮

DOI：

分类号:S2

基金项目:山东省自然科学基金(ZR2020ME251)；国家自然科学基金(41703099)；淄博市校城融合项目(2019ZBXC245)。

Effects of Continuous Application of Biochar and Sand on Water, Salt transport, Nitrogen and Maize Yield in Saline-Alkali Soil

WANG Shi-bin¹, GAO Pei-ling^1,2,3,2, XIANG Long-kang¹, GUO Xiang-lin¹, LV Qing-xin¹, MENG Qing-mei³

1.School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science,Shandong University of Technology;2.China;3.School of Resources and Environmental Engineering,Shandong University of Technology

Abstract:

Abstract:【Objective】The effects of biochar and river sand application on the improvement effect, nitrogen transport and summer maize yield of moderate saline alkali soil in the Yellow River Delta were studied. 【Method】In the field plot experiment had seven treatments: CK、C1[5 t/(hm2·a) biochar]、C2[10 t/(hm2·a) biochar]、C3[20 t/(hm2·a) biochar]、S1（5% sand）、S2（10% sand）、S3（15% sand）.【Result】(1)The effect of biochar on soil moisture content improvement in 0-20 cm soil layer was better than river sand, increased soil moisture content by 3.62% to 11.81%, the effect of C3 treatment was better, which effectively improved water use efficiency. (2)The results showed that the effect of soil salinity reduction with sand was better than biochar, and added 10% to 15% sand was better, up to 14.04% better than CK. (3)In the 0-40 cm soil layer, Biochar treatment significantly increased the content of nitrate nitrogen (11.50%-50.13%) and ammonium nitrogen (4.46%-9.12%), C3 treatment showed a significant increase, up to 50.13% and 9.12% better than CK, however, the sand treatment only increased 20-40 cm soil layer, and decreased 0-20 cm soil layer. (4)The effect of biochar on summer maize yield improvement was better than river sand, increased summer maize yield by 0.60% to 19.95%, and the effect of C3 treatment was better.【Conclusion】The improvement effect of biochar treatment on saline alkali soil, nitrogen utilization and yield improvement effect was better than that of sand treatment, So, it is recommended to add 20 t/(hm2·a) biochar to the saline-alkali soil in the Yellow River Delta.

Key words: Moderate saline-alkali soil; Biochar; River sand; Soil salt content; NO3--N; NH4+-N;