| 引用本文: | 李熠凡,李烙布,李伏生.不同灌溉施氮模式下稻田甲烷和氧化亚氮排放[J].灌溉排水学报,2021,():-. |
| LI Yifan,LI Luobu,LI Fusheng.不同灌溉施氮模式下稻田甲烷和氧化亚氮排放[J].灌溉排水学报,2021,():-. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】本研究目标是研究不同灌溉施氮模式对稻田甲烷（CH4）和氧化亚氮（N2O）排放的影响，以获得降低两季稻田温室气体（GHG）排放的灌溉施氮模式。【方法】通过田间试验，测定了3种灌溉模式（常规灌溉CR、“浅湿晒”灌溉TR和干湿交替灌溉DR）和3种施氮处理（FN1：120 kg N hm-2、20%基肥和80%追肥，FN2：120 kg N hm-2、50%基肥和50%追肥，FN3：90 kg N hm-2、50%基肥和50%追肥）下两季稻田CH4和N2O通量、全球增温潜势(GWP)和温室气体排放强度(GHGI)。【结果】FN1和FN3下DR模式两稻季产量合计较CR模式分别增加17.9%和21.1%。TR和CR模式下FN1早稻产量和两稻季产量合计较FN2分别增加13.4%和11.4%，以及16.1%和12.6%。DR模式下FN2早稻产量较FN3增加11.0%。DR-FN1处理两稻季产量合计最高。FN1、FN2和FN3下TR和DR模式整个生育期两季稻田CH4累积排放量较CR模式分别降低17.1~22.5%和43.0~56.8%，但是FN1和FN2下稻田N2O累积排放量较CR模式分别增加69.3~85.2%和146.2~160.7%。TR模式下，FN3整个生育期两季稻田CH4和N2O累积排放量分别较FN2降低26.8%和32.3%。【结论】TR和DR模式的GWP和GHGI低于CR模式，且以DR模式GWP和GHGI最低。FN1和FN3的GHGI低于FN2，且以FN1的GHGI最低。因此，不同施氮处理下，应采用TR和DR模式代替CR模式来降低GWP和GHGI；TR和DR模式下，应采用低氮肥用量以及少施基肥和多施追肥方案来降低GWP和GHGI，其中DR-FN1处理是合适的灌溉施氮模式，可以增加水稻产量并降低GWP和GHGI。 |
| 关键词: “浅湿晒”灌溉；干湿交替灌溉；CH4和N2O排放；全球增温潜势；温室气体排放强度 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:S1 |
| 基金项目:广西科技计划-基地和人才专项(AD17195060),国家自然科学基金(51469003) |
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| Methane and nitrous oxide emissions from double-cropping rice field under different irrigation and nitrogen application modes |
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LI Yifan, LI Luobu, LI Fusheng
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College of Agriculture,Guangxi University
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| Abstract: |
| Abstract: 【Objectives】The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of different irrigation and nitrogen application modes on methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O), so as to obtain the irrigation and nitrogen (N) application mode for lowering greenhouse gas (GHG) emission in rice field. 【Methods】 CH4 and N2O fluxes from rice field, global warming potential (GWP) and GHG emission intensity (GHGI) were determined under three irrigation modes (conventional irrigation CR, "thin-wet-dry" irrigation TR and alternate wetting and drying irrigation DR), and three N treatments (FN1: 120 kg N hm-2, 20% basal fertilizer, 80% topdressing, FN2: 120 kg N hm-2, 50% basal fertilizer, 50% topdressing and FN3: 90 kg N hm-2, 50% basal fertilizer, 50% topdressing) using the double-cropping rice field experiments. 【Results】 Compared to CR mode, DR mode increased the total yield of two rice seasons by 17.9% and 21.1% under FN1 and FN3, respectively. FN1 increased the yield of early rice and total yield of two rice seasons by 13.4% and 11.4%, and 16.1% and 12.6% under TR and CR modes, respectively, when compared to FN2. FN2 increased early rice yield by 11.0% under DR mode by comparing with FN3. The total yield of two rice seasons in DR-FN1 was the highest. In comparison with CR mode, 【Conclusions】TR and DR modes reduced the cumulative CH4 emissions from double-cropping rice field over the whole growth period by 17.1-22.5% and 43.0-56.8% under FN1, FN2 and FN3, but increased the cumulative N2O emissions under FN1 and FN2 by 69.3-85.2% and 146.2-160.7%, respectively. Compared to FN2, FN3 decreased the cumulative CH4 and N2O emissions from double-cropping rice field over the whole growth period by 26.8% and 32.3% under TR mode, respectively. TR and DR modes had lower GWP and GHGI than CR mode, and DR mode had the lowest GWP and GHGI. FN1 and FN3 had lower GHGI than FN2, and FN1 had the lowest GHGI. Thus TR and DR modes should be used instead of CR mode to reduce GWP and GHGI under different N treatments, and low N rate and less basal fertilizer and more topdressing should be used to mitigate GWP and GHGI under TR and DR modes, and DR-FN1 treatment was a suitable irrigation and nitrogen mode, which can increase rice yield and reduce GWP and GHGI.
Keywords: “Thin-wet-dry” irrigation; Alternate wetting and drying irrigation; CH4 and N2O emission; Global warming potential; Greenhouse gas emission intensity |
| Key words: “Thin-wet-dry” irrigation; Alternate wetting and drying irrigation; CH4 and N2O emission; Global warming potential; Greenhouse gas emission intensity |
