| 摘要: |
| 摘要：【目的】定量分析青铜峡灌区地下水埋深演变规律及影响因素，科学指导灌区合理调控地下水位，维持水系统健康平衡。【方法】采用水量平衡法分析了青铜峡灌区1998~2017年地下水时空演变特征及地下水补排平衡贡献率。【结果】青铜峡灌区地下水埋深20年来增大了0.69m，增加速率为0.038 m/a，年内地下水位呈双峰双谷特征，空间上银川灌区地下水埋深增大明显，银川市区和银北灌区的大武口区形成大漏斗区。年际地下水变化的主要影响要素依次为渠系渗漏补给（39.71%）＞侧向排泄（28.24%）＞潜水蒸发（14.16%）＞田间入渗补给（7.46%）；4~8月和11月渠系渗漏补给对地下水变化贡献最大（45.33%），9~10月和12月地下水侧向排泄是地下水变化第一驱动因素（45.6%）；空间上，水位变化的第一驱动要素均为渠系渗漏补给，第二驱动要素各有不同，银川、银南和河东灌区为侧向排泄，银北灌区为潜水蒸发。【结论】引黄水量持续减少是青铜峡灌区地下水埋深增大的最主要影响因素，而合理的地下水埋深对于维持灌区的生态平衡具有重要意义。 |
| 关键词: 地下水埋深；时空演变；驱动要素；贡献率；灌区 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:TV211.1+2 |
| 基金项目:国家重点专项（2018YFC0408105）；国家自然科学基金项目(51979284，51809282）；水利部技术示范项目（SF-201802） |
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| Analysis of Groundwater Evolution and Contribution Rate of Driving Factors in Qingtongxia Irrigation Area |
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zhaijiaqi1, caojipeng2
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1.China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research;2.Zhengzhou University
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| Abstract: |
| Abstract:【Objective】The purpose of this paper is to quantitatively analyze the evolution of groundwater depth and its influencing factors in Qingtongxia Irrigation Area, in attempts to scientifically guide the irrigation area to rationally regulate the groundwater level and maintain a healthy balance of water systems.【Method】Water balance method was used to analyze the temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of groundwater and the contribution rate of groundwater recharge and drainage balance in Qingtongxia Irrigation Area from 1998 to 2017.【Result】The groundwater depth in Qingtongxia Irrigation Area has increased by 0.69m and the rate of increase is 0.038 m/a in the past 20 years. The groundwater level is double peak and double valley in the year. The groundwater depth of Yinchuan irrigation area increases obviously in space, and a large funnel area is formed in Yinchuan urban area and Dawukou area of Yinbei irrigation area. The main influencing factors of the interannual groundwater change were canal leakage recharge (39.71%) > lateral discharge (28.24%) > phreatic evaporation (14.16%) > field infiltration recharge (7.46%); The leakage recharge of canal system from April to August and November made the largest contribution to groundwater variation (45.33%).The lateral discharge of groundwater from September to October and December was the first driving factor (45.6%); In space, the first driving factor of water level change is leakage recharge of canal system, while the second driving factor is different. The drainage in Yinchuan, Yinnan and Hedong irrigated areas is lateral, while that in Yinbei irrigated areas is phreatic evaporation.【Conclusion】The continuous decrease of water diversion from the Yellow River is the main factor affecting the increase of groundwater depth in Qingtongxia irrigation area, and the reasonable groundwater depth is of great significance for maintaining the ecological balance of the irrigation area. |
| Key words: groundwater depth; spatial-temporal evolution; driving factors; contribution rate; Qingtongxia irrigation area |
