| 摘要: |
| :针对灌区水资源短缺、农业用水效率不高的问题，本文构建了包含灌区作物种植结构和作物灌溉制度的两阶段优化模型。基于大系统分解协调原理对灌区水资源进行优化配置，并剖析第一层模型中灌水时间对灌溉制度优化的影响，以及第二层模型中生态效益对作物种植结构优化的影响。本文以宝鸡峡五泉灌区为研究对象，构建了两层协调优化模型，并利用非支配排序遗传算法，实现了灌区水资源的优化配置。优化结果表明:（1）以灌水量和灌水时间为优化对象的优化设计方案，可以提高灌区整体经济效益。（2）在作物种植结构的优化模型层引入生态效益优化目标，虽然经济效益有所降低，但优化后的经济效益依然显著高于现状种植结构下的经济效益。（3）通过实验比较可知，采用第一层模型优化灌溉水量和灌水时间，且第二层模型考虑经济效益和生态效益的方案，可实现水资源最优配置。本文所构建的模型可为类似地区灌溉制度及作物种植结构的优化提供理论依据和决策支持。 |
| 关键词: :灌溉制度;作物种植结构;遗传算法;NSGA-Ⅱ;多目标优化 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:S274 |
| 基金项目:西安市科技计划项目（2020KJRC0086） |
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| Model and application of optimal allocation for water resources in irrigated areas based on NSGA-Ⅱ method |
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Wang Hui, Gao Zehai
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Xi，an University of Technologe
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| Abstract: |
| Aiming at the shortage of water resource and low efficiency of agricultural water utilization in irrigated areas, a two-stage optimization model including planting structure and irrigation system is constructed in this paper. The principle of system decomposition and coordination is adopted to allocate the water resources in irrigation area. In the first layer of the optimization model, the effect of irrigation time on irrigation schedule is analyzed. Meanwhile, the effect of ecological benefits on planting structure is revealed in the second layer of the optimization model. This paper focuses on Baojixia Wuquan irrigation area and designs a two-level optimization model to figure out the optimal allocation of water resource by using the non-dominant genetic algorithm. The optimization result confirms that (1) the optimization scheme which consists of irrigation amount and the irrigation time can promote the economic benefits of the irrigation area; (2) in the layer of planting structure, adding ecological benefits into the optimization goal will reduce the economic benefits, but the optimized benefits are still significantly higher than the economic benefits under the current planting structure. (3) By comparison, to realize the water resource optimal allocation, the best scheme should define economic and ecological benefits as the optimization goal in the second layer of the model and optimize the irrigation water and irrigation time in the first layer. The proposed optimization model can provide theoretical basis and decision support for the optimization of irrigation system and planting structure in similar areas. |
| Key words: water resources; planting structure; irrigation system; non-dominant genetic algorithm; |
