| 引用本文: | 项佳敏,丁志峰,杨琼瑶,等.5种源汇型农作景观组合控制农田养分流失的效果试验*[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
| XIANG Jia-min,DING Zhi-feng,YANG Qiong-yao,et al.5种源汇型农作景观组合控制农田养分流失的效果试验*[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】利用农田系统内部各生产单元对水分需求与养分盈亏的差异构建源汇型景观组合来循环利用水分和养分，可实现农田系统中氮、磷的减量排放，为了了解这一技术在不同农田系统的适用性及其对消减泥砂、氮、磷的效果，【方法】在浙江省选择蔬菜地-茭白田、蔬菜地-水田、果园-茭白田、桑园-水田和果园-荷塘等5种南方地区有代表性源汇型农作景观组合模式，于2014—2017年间通过3年的定位观察，比较分析了对泥砂、总磷、可溶性磷、总氮和可溶性氮减量排放的效果。【结果】与“汇”处理前的“源”农田比较，5种源汇型农作景观组合农田泥砂和养分流失削减比例均在70%以上，平均削减率总磷（90.63%）>可溶性磷（89.14%）>泥砂（88.72%）>可溶性氮（86.75%）>总氮（86.64%）。5种源汇型农作景观组合对削减排水中泥砂、总磷、可溶性磷、总氮、可溶性氮的效果：果园-荷塘 > 蔬菜地-茭白田 > 果园-茭白田 > 桑园-水田 > 蔬菜地-水田，以湿地为荷塘或茭白田的效果为佳。【结论】源汇型景观组合对污染物的削减主要通过减少排水与对污染物吸收、吸持来实现，是一种方便、低廉、高效的农田系统养分流失控制技术。 |
| 关键词: 源汇型农作景观组合;养分;排水;循环利用;吸收;吸持 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:X52；S157 |
| 基金项目:国家科技支撑计划课题（2014BAD14B04） |
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| Effects of Five Types of Source-sink Farming Landscape Combination on Controlling Farmland Nutrient Loss |
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XIANG Jia-min, DING Zhi-feng, YANG Qiong-yao, ZHANG Ming-kui
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College of Environmental and Resource Sciences,Zhejiang University
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| Abstract: |
| [Objective] Using the difference in water demand and nutrient profit and loss of each production unit in the farmland system to construct a source-sink landscape combination to recycle water and nutrients, nitrogen and phosphorus emissions in the farmland system can be reduced. [Method] In order to verify the effectiveness of this technology, five typical source-sink agricultural landscape combination models, including vegetable field - Zizania latifolia field, vegetable field - paddy field, orchard - Zizania latifolia field, mulberry field - paddy field and orchard - lotus pond, were selected in Zhejiang province. Through three-year positioning observation from 2014 to 2017, the effects of reducing emissions of suspended solid, total P, water-soluble P, total N and water-soluble N from the farm were monitored. [Result]SThe results showed that, compared with the source farmland before sink treatment, the reduction percentages of suspended solid and nutrient loss of the five source-sink types of agricultural landscape combinations were more than 70%, with the averaged reduction percentages decreased in the order of total P (90.63%) > water-soluble P (89.14%) > suspended solid (88.72%) > water-soluble n (86.75%) > total N (86.64%). The results showed that the overall effect of five types of source-sink farming landscape combination was: orchard - lotus pond > vegetable land - Zizania latifolia field > orchard - Zizania latifolia > mulberry garden - paddy field > vegetable land - paddy field, and the effects of wetland with lotus pond or Zizania latifolia field were the best. [Conclusion]SThe reduction of pollutants was mainly realized by reducing drainage and absorbing and holding pollutants. |
| Key words: source-sink farming landscape combination; nutrient; drainage; recycling; absorption; absorption |
