| 引用本文: | 潘晨,吴倩,杨宇,等.拔节期淹水条件下施氮量对玉米干物质积累和氮素吸收利用的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
| PanChen,Wu Qian,YANG Yu,et al.拔节期淹水条件下施氮量对玉米干物质积累和氮素吸收利用的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
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| 拔节期淹水条件下施氮量对玉米干物质积累和氮素吸收利用的影响 |
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潘晨, 吴倩, 杨宇, 李霞, 候俊, 杨军, 李继福, 漆栋良
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长江大学
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| 摘要: |
| 摘 要：【目的】研究拔节期淹水胁迫下施氮量对玉米干物质积累分配及氮素吸收利用的影响，为易涝易渍地区玉米的抗渍栽培提供理论依据。【方法】采用田间试验，以春玉米“宜单629”为供试作物，2因素裂区试验设计，主处理为土壤水分状况，包括全生育期适宜水分（CS处理）和拔节期淹水6 天（YS处理）；副处理为施氮量，包括0、90、180、270和360 kg N/hm2，分别记为N0、N1、N2、N3和N4。测定春玉米叶片SPAD值、抽丝期和成熟期各器官干物质和氮素积累量和成熟期籽粒产量。【结果】任一施氮水平下，与CS处理相比，YS处理显著降低玉米叶片的SPAD值、植株干物质和氮素积累量、营养器官氮素转运量、收获指数、氮收获指数和氮素利用效率。随着施氮量的增加，YS处理下施氮量为N0～N4时上述指标增加，但氮肥偏生产力减少，氮肥农学利用率先增加后减少；N4可以实现氮素转运贡献率和氮素吸收贡献率的协调，但降低氮肥农学利用率。【结论】增施氮肥利于提高拔节期淹水胁迫下玉米的干物质累积量和吸氮量，且增加二者向籽粒的分配比例，但同时增加了土壤氮素损失的风险。 |
| 关键词: 施氮量；渍水胁迫；收获指数；氮肥偏生产力；吸氮量；玉米 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:S276.3 |
| 基金项目:农业部商丘农业环境科学观测实验站开放(FIRI2018-07-01)。 |
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| Effects of nitrogen application rates on dry matter accumulation and nitrogen uptake and utilization of maize under waterlogging at the jointing stage |
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PanChen, Wu Qian, YANG Yu, LI Xia, HOU Jun, YANG Jun, LI Jifu, QI Dongliang
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Yangtze University
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】 To study the effects of nitrogen application rates on dry matter accumulation, distribution and nitrogen uptake and utilization of maize under waterlogging stress at the jointing stage, and to provide theoretical basis for stress tolerance cultivation for maize in waterlogged prone areas.【Method】 A field experiment was carried out with spring maize "Yidan 629" as the test crop. A split-plot experiment was designed; the main plot was water regime, which included well-water supply through the whole growth stage of maize (CS) and waterlogging for 6 days with 3-5 cm layer of water at the surface of soil at the V6 stage of maize (YS). The subplot was nitrogen (N) rate, which included 0, 90, 180, 270, and 360 kg/hm2, designated N0, N1, N2, N3 and N4, respectively. The leaf SPAD values , the accumulation of dry matter and nitrogen in different organs at the silking and maturity stages and the grain yield at the maturity stage were determined.【Result】The results showed that, compared to CS treatment, the YS treatment significantly decreased SPAD values, dry matter and nitrogen accumulation, nitrogen transport amount of vegetative organs, harvest index, nitrogen harvest index and nitrogen absorption and utilization efficiency in each N treatment. With the increase of N rates, the above mentioned parameters increased when N application rate ranged from N0 to N4 under the YS treatment, but the partial productivity of N fertilizer decreased, and the agronomic use efficiency of N fertilizer increased first and then decreased. The N4 could coordinating the contribution rate of nitrogen transport and absorption, but reduced the agronomic use efficiency of N fertilizer.【Conclusion】Increasing nitrogen fertilizer rates improve accumulation of dry matter and nitrogen of maize under waterlogging stress at the jointing stage, and also increase their allocation ratio to grain parts, while increase the possibility of soil nitrogen loss risk. |
| Key words: Nitrogen application; Waterlogging stress; Harvest index; Partial productivity of nitrogen fertilizer; Nitrogen uptake; Maize |
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