| 引用本文: | 任立军,赵文琪,陈松岭,等.有机肥和土壤调理剂组合对设施土壤氮素调控及番茄产量的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
| REN Lijin,ZHAO-Wenqi,CHEN Songling,et al.有机肥和土壤调理剂组合对设施土壤氮素调控及番茄产量的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
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| 有机肥和土壤调理剂组合对设施土壤氮素调控及番茄产量的影响 |
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任立军, 赵文琪, 陈松岭, 李嘉琪, 邹洪涛, 张玉龙
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沈阳农业大学土地与环境学院/农业部东北耕地保育重点实验室/发改委土肥资源高效利用国家工程实验室
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】有机肥和土壤调理剂 施入是改善土壤结构和培肥地力的重要措施。因此，研究不同施肥模式对设施土壤氮素调控及番茄产量的影响，以期为设施番茄科学合理施肥提供理论依据及数据支撑。【方法】该研究共设置不施肥（CK）、单施化肥（H）、单施有机肥（Y）、50%化肥N+50%有机肥N（HY）及50%化肥N+50%有机肥N+调理剂（HYG）5个处理，探讨不同施肥模式对设施土壤矿质氮、全氮、微生物量氮、土壤脲酶和硝酸还原酶活性及番茄产量的影响。【结果】与CK处理相比，各施肥处理均显著提高了各生育期不同土层土壤铵态氮和硝态氮含量。在收获期，HY处理的土壤全氮含量和微生物量氮含量相较于CK处理显著提高了125.07%~204.22%和289.20%~398.04%，较H处理显著提高了53.45%~79.80%和133.74%~271.32%。番茄生育期内的酶活性变化也非常显著，0~20 cm土层的土壤脲酶活性在一穗果期时最高，而20~40 cm土层的土壤脲酶活性在收获期时达到最大；各土层的土壤硝酸还原酶的活性则均在盛果期达到最大。不同施肥处理之间土壤脲酶活性和土壤硝酸还原酶活性均表现为Y处理最高，CK处理活性最低。各施肥处理相较于CK处理增产效果明显，增产幅度介于11.05%~38.18%之间，其中HYG处理相较于H处理，增产了38.18%，增产效果最为显著 。【结论】50%化肥N+50%有机肥N施肥处理，可以在降低农业成本，同时显著增加番茄产量、提高土壤肥力，降低氮素损失，在保护环境和提高氮素利用率方面起着重要的作用，实现环境效益经济效益双赢。 |
| 关键词: 有机肥；土壤调理剂；番茄产量；土壤酶 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:S1 |
| 基金项目:辽宁省“兴辽英才计划”项目(XLYC1905010)、辽宁省教育厅重点项目(LSNZD202001)、辽宁省重点研发计划项目(2019JH2/10200004)联系方式任立军(1996-),男,硕士研究生,主要从事土壤改良研究。E-mailrenlj1996@163.com通信作者邹洪涛(1975-),男,教授,博导,主要从事改良与农业节水研究。E-mailzht@syau.edu.cn ,赵文琪,陈松岭,李嘉琪,邹洪涛※,张玉龙 |
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| Effects of combination of organic fertilizer and soil conditioner on nitrogen regulation in Greenhouse Soil and tomato yield |
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REN Lijin, ZHAO-Wenqi, CHEN Songling, LI Jiaqi, ZOU-Hongtao, ZHANG-Yulong
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College of Land and Environment,Shenyang Agricultural University,Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation Northeast China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources,Shenyang,110866
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Organic fertilizer and soil conditioner are important measures to improve soil structure, increase soil enzyme activity and fertility. Therefore, the effects of different fertilization patterns on nitrogen regulation and tomato yield were studied in order to provide theoretical basis and data support for scientific and reasonable fertilization of greenhouse tomato. 【Method】In this study, there were five treatments, no fertilizer (CK), only chemical fertilizer (H), only organic fertilizer (Y), 50% chemical fertilizer N + 50% organic fertilizer N (HY) and 50% chemical fertilizer N + 50% organic fertilizer N + modifier (HYG), and the effects of different fertilization patterns on mineral nitrogen, total nitrogen, micro biomass nitrogen, urease and nitrate reductase activity and tomato yield of facility soil were studied. 【Result】Compared with CK treatment, each fertilization treatment significantly increased the contents of soil ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen in different soil layers at each growth stage. In the harvest period, the soil total nitrogen content and microbial biomass nitrogen content of HY treatment were significantly increased by 125.07% ~ 204.22% and 289.20% ~ 398.04% compared with CK treatment, 53.45% ~ 79.80% and 133.74% ~ 271.32% compared with H treatment. The soil urease activity in 0 ~ 20 cm soil layer was the highest at one ear fruit stage, while the soil urease activity in 20 ~ 40 cm soil layer reached the maximum at harvest stage; The activity of soil nitrate reductase in each soil layer reached the maximum in full fruit stage. Among different fertilization treatments, soil urease activity and soil nitrate reductase activity were the highest in Y treatment and the lowest in CK treatment. Compared with CK treatment, the yield increase effect of each fertilization treatment is obvious, and the yield increase range is between 11.05% ~ 38.18%. Compared with H treatment, the yield increase of HYG treatment is 38.18%, and the yield increase effect is the most significant. 【Conclusion】The treatment of 50% chemical fertilizer N + 50% organic fertilizer N can reduce agricultural cost, increase tomato yield, improve soil fertility and reduce nitrogen loss, play an important role in protecting environment and improving nitrogen utilization rate, and achieving double win of environmental benefits and economic benefits. |
| Key words: organic fertilizer; soil conditioner; tomato yield; soil enzyme |
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