| 引用本文: | 华琳,李红,蒋跃,等.方形喷嘴的中低压喷洒水滴性能试验研究[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
| Hua Lin,Li Hong,Jiang Yue,et al.方形喷嘴的中低压喷洒水滴性能试验研究[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究喷嘴出口形状和散水结构对喷洒水滴特性的影响。【方法】通过视频雨滴谱仪测量了方形喷嘴在有无摇臂结构下的喷洒水滴特性。以圆形喷嘴作为对照组，分析了中低压下喷嘴形状对喷洒水滴直径分布、喷灌强度和动能强度等水力性能的影响，对比了摇臂结构对改善方形喷嘴喷洒性能的效果。【结果】在中低压条件下，方形喷嘴和圆形喷嘴的喷洒效果相似。方形喷孔对喷洒水量分布的改善效果不显著，水量主要集中在73%射程处。在近喷头的喷灌范围内，方形喷孔产生的水滴直径和动能均比圆形喷孔产生的水滴大，将方形喷嘴结合摇臂等辅助散水结构可以加强水射流分散程度的同时降低射程末端水滴打击动能。【结论】因此，辅助散水结构可以改善方形喷孔产生的水滴直径大、动能强度大的缺点，既保留高散水性能又降低水滴对土壤和作物的伤害。该研究对于中低压喷灌系统的喷嘴结构设计具有参考价值。 |
| 关键词: 方形喷嘴；中低压喷灌；水力性能；粒径分布；动能强度 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:S277.9+4 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学(51679109；51939005)；江苏研究生科研创新计划项目(KYCX21_3345)；江苏省高等学校重点学科建设专项(PAPD-2018-87)。 |
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| Experimental study on hydraulic performance of droplets injected from square nozzles under low-intermediate pressure |
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Hua Lin, Li Hong, Jiang Yue, Qin Longtan
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Research Center of Fluid Machinery Engineering and Technology
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】 In order to study the effects of orifice shape and impact arm of the sprinkler nozzle on the spraying characteristics,【Method】the parameters of water droplets were measured by 2D-Video-Distrometer. Taking the circular nozzle as the control object, the effects of the orifice shape on the sprinkler hydraulic properties such as water droplets diameter, water application rate and kinetic energy intensity under low-medium pressure were analyzed. The effects of the impact arm on improving the spraying performance of the square nozzle were also researched. 【Result】Results shown that the spraying characteristics of square nozzle and circular nozzle are similar under low-intermediate pressure conditions. The improvement effect of the orifice shape on the water distribution is not significant, and the precipitation is mainly concentrated at 73% of the range. Near the sprinkler, the diameter and kinetic energy of the water droplets which produced by the square nozzle are larger than that of the circular nozzle. Combining the square orifice with the auxiliary water dispersing structure such as the impact arm can enhance the dispersion of the water jet and reduce the droplets kinetic energy at the end of the wetness radius. 【Conclusion】 Therefore, the dispersion structure can be combined with the square nozzles to overcome the disadvantages of large diameter and kinetic energy of water droplets, to reduce the damage of droplets to the soil and crops, and retain the good hydraulic performance of the sprinkler. This research has reference value for the nozzle structure design of low-intermediate pressure sprinkler irrigation system. |
| Key words: square nozzle; low-intermediate pressure sprinkler irrigation; hydraulic performance; droplets diameter; kinetic energy intensity |
