设施番茄土壤温室气体排放对水氮管理的响应

杜明智; 王广帅; 刘浩; 宁慧峰; 高阳; 王兴鹏

引用本文:	杜明智,王广帅,刘浩,等.设施番茄土壤温室气体排放对水氮管理的响应[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-.
	DU Mingzhi,WANG Guangshuai,LIU Hao,et al.设施番茄土壤温室气体排放对水氮管理的响应[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-.

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设施番茄土壤温室气体排放对水氮管理的响应
杜明智¹, 王广帅², 刘浩², 宁慧峰², 高阳², 王兴鹏¹
1.塔里木大学水利与建筑工程学院;2.中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所/农业农村部作物需水与调控重点实验室

摘要:

【目的】探讨不同水、氮管理下设施番茄产量和土壤温室气体排放的相互关系，构建最适水、氮组合模式，以期达到“节水、减氮、高产”的目的。【方法】设置4种氮肥梯度（F0: 0 kg/hm2、F1: 150 kg/hm2、F2: 300 kg/hm2、F3: 450 kg/hm2）与三种灌水定额（W1：0.5 Epan、W2：0.7 Epan、W3：0.9 Epan），采用静态箱-气态色谱法采集和分析设施番茄土壤的温室气体排放通量，比较分析了水、氮相互作用下对土壤温室气体排放通量和累积排放量的影响，并结合产量和全球增温潜势分析了温室气体排放强度的差异。【结果】设施土壤N2O排放量在施肥后呈现增长趋势、CO2和CH4排放通量则随着灌水定额的增加而增加。N2O累积排放总量随施氮量的增加而显著增加，最高可达到0.959 kg/hm2 。全球增温潜势（GWP）与施氮量之间呈显著正相关（P<0.05），温室气体排放强度（GHGI）和番茄产量与水、氮交互作用之间呈显著正相关（P<0.01）。【结论】从环境效益与经济效益综合考虑，适当减少施氮量和优化亏缺灌水定额能够有效地降低温室气体排放和保障产量。0.9 Epan灌溉定额与低氮处理（F1W3）是本试验下的最佳水氮组合。施氮量和优化亏缺灌水定额能够有效地降低温室气体排放和保障产量。0. 9 Epan灌溉定额与低氮(F1W3)是本试验下的最佳水氮组合。

关键词: 亏缺灌溉;施氮量;全球增温潜势;温室气体强度

DOI：

分类号:S274.3

基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（面上项目，重点项目，重大项目）(51709264、51779259)南疆劣质水资源安全处理与灌溉创新研究团队（TDZKCQ202002）；基于农业水价改革的田间节水增效关键技术研究与应用（2018AB027）

Response of greenhouse gas emissions from greenhouse tomato soil to water and nitrogen management

DU Mingzhi¹, WANG Guangshuai², LIU Hao², NING Huifeng², GAO Yang², WANG Xingpeng¹

1.College of Water Resource and Architecture Engineering,Tarim University;2.Institute of Farmland Irrigation,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Open Laboratory of Crop Water Demand and Regulation,Ministry of Agriculture

Abstract:

【Objective】The objective is to explore the relationship between facility tomato production and soil greenhouse gas emissions under different water and nitrogen management, and find the most suitable combination of water and nitrogen "moderate water and nitrogen input, less greenhouse gas emissions, and higher yields".【Method】The research object of facility tomato soil was adopted by setting four nitrogen application gradients(F0: 0 kg/hm2, F1: 150 kg/hm2, F2: 300 kg/hm2 and F3: 450 kg/hm2) and three irrigation quotas(W1：0.5 Epan, W2：0.7 Epan and W3：0.9 Epan)are used to collect and analyze greenhouse gas emission fluxes from tomato soil in the facility by static box-gas chromatography. The effects of water and nitrogen coupling on soil greenhouse gas emission fluxes and cumulative emissions are compared and analyzed. Analyze the difference in greenhouse gas emission intensity in combination with production and global warming potential.【Result】The results showed that the N2O emission from the facility soil showed an increasing trend after fertilization, and the emission flux of CO2 and CH4 increased with the increase of the irrigation quota. The total cumulative emission of N2O increases significantly with the increase of nitrogen application, and the maximum can reach 0.959 kg/hm2. There is a significant positive correlation between global warming potential (GWP) and nitrogen (P<0.05), and there is a significant positive correlation between greenhouse gas emission intensity (GHGI) and tomato yield and the interaction of water and nitrogen (P<0.01). 【Conclusion】 From the comprehensive consideration of environmental and economic benefits, appropriately reducing the amount of nitrogen and optimizing the deficit irrigation quota can effectively reduce greenhouse gas emissions and ensure production. The optimal combination of water and low nitrogen which is F1W3 should be applied in green and efficient facility agricultural production.

Key words: Deficit irrigation;Nitrogen application;Global warming potential;Greenhouse gas intensity