| 引用本文: | 邱虎森,刘杰云,甄博,等.涝渍胁迫对土壤无机氮及氨氧化微生物的短期效应[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
| Qiu Hu-Sen,Liu Jie-Yun,Zhen Bo,et al.涝渍胁迫对土壤无机氮及氨氧化微生物的短期效应[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】明确涝渍排水过程对小麦花期根际与非根际土壤无机氮分配及氨氧化微生物的影响，能为探讨如何通过除涝降渍和农业管理补救措施减少氮素流失提供参考。【方法】本研究在小麦花期进行涝渍胁迫试验，涝胁迫历时分别设置0天，3 天和5 天；降渍胁迫历时设2 d，并在规定的降渍时间内将地下水位降到60 cm 以下。【结果】通过对比涝胁迫结束、渍胁迫结束和渍后恢复2天土壤无机氮含量及参与氨氧化功能微生物拷贝数发现，与对照相比，涝胁迫时间的延长促进小麦根际与非根际土壤铵态氮的积累；涝胁迫降低根际与非根际土壤硝态氮含量（P<0.05）。与对照相比，涝胁迫5天显著降低根际土壤氨氧化古菌（AOA-amoA）基因拷贝数，并限制了渍胁迫及渍后恢复过程中氨氧化古菌生物量的恢复。与对照相比，涝胁迫处理显著提高根际土壤氨氧化细菌（AOB-amoA）基因拷贝数，却在渍胁迫及渍后恢复过程中显著降低AOB-amoA基因拷贝数（P<0.05）。冗余分析发现，在非根际土壤中，铵态氮和pH显著影响氨氧化微生物群落（P<0.05）。逐步回归模型分析发现（P<0.05），在涝渍胁迫及渍后恢复过程中，非根际土壤铵态氮和硝态氮均受氨氧化古菌的调控。但是，根际土壤水分含量的降低不利于铵态氮的积累，却提高了硝态氮的含量。有效磷含量的升高促进根际土壤铵态氮含量的积累。【结论】短时间涝胁迫结束后,土壤无机氮含量能很快恢复，追加磷肥可能有利于提高根际土壤可利用无机氮的含量。 |
| 关键词: 涝渍排水; 铵态氮; 硝态氮; 氨氧化作用 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:S154.3 |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2018YFC1508301-2）；中国农业科学院基本科研业务费专项(FIRI2019-02-01)；博士科研启动基金(2020BS022)；宿州学院校级重点项目(2020yzd19) 和校级质量工程重点项目（szxy2020szky03）的联合资助。 |
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| Short-term effect of waterlogging stress on soil inorganic nitrogen and ammonia oxidizing microorganisms |
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Qiu Hu-Sen1, Liu Jie-Yun1, Zhen Bo2, Niu Qing-Lin2, Li Hui-Zhen2, Zhou Xin-Guo2
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1.Suzhou University;2.Farmland Irrigation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Understanding the effects of waterlogging stress on the distribution of inorganic nitrogen and ammonia oxidizing microorganisms in rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil of wheat is helpful to provide reference for exploring the method, such as waterlogging control, remedial measure of agricultural management, to reduce the loss of nitrogen . 【Method】In this study, different waterlogging times (0d, 3d and 5d) were set in anthesis of wheat. The differences of soil inorganic nitrogen and copy numbers of ammonia oxidizing microorganisms at the end of surface waterlogging, subsurface waterlogging and 2 days after drainage were compared. 【Result】Compared to control, extension of surface waterlogging time promoted the accumulation of ammonium nitrogen and significantly decreased the content of nitrate nitrogen in wheat rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil (P<0.05). Treatment of surface waterlogging stress for 5 days significantly decreased the copy number of ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA-amoA) gene in rhizosphere soil in comparison with control during the whole processes. Compared to control, surface waterlogging stress increased the copy number of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB-amoA) gene, but decreased ammonia-oxidizing bacteria biomass after surface waterlogging stress.. Redundancy analysis showed that ammonium nitrogen and pH significantly affected the structure of ammonia oxidizing microorganisms in non-rhizosphere soil. Stepwise regression analysis showed that the contents of ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen were regulated by ammonia-oxidizing archaea during the waterlogging stress and recovery process in non-rhizosphere soil. While, in rhizosphere soil, decrease of soil water content was unfavorable for the accumulation of ammonium nitrogen, but increased the content of nitrate nitrogen. The increase of available phosphorous may accelerate the accumulation of ammonium nitrogen.【Conclusion】After short-term waterlogging stress, the contents of soil inorganic nitrogen will be recovery quickly, application of phosphate fertilizer may improve soil inorganic nitrogen in rhizosphere soil. |
| Key words: waterlogging stress; ammonium nitrogen; nitrate nitrogen; ammonium oxidation |
